Advances in Physiology and Biomechanics of Rowing

Steinacker, J. M.; Secher, Niels H.

doi:10.1055/s-2007-1021214

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…complex predispositions 1 [compare 22], for example, special endurance or strength endurance [18,23]. It can be thus assumed that the rower's exercise involves the basic motor skills with great emphasis on endurance skills [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Motor Fitness of Students Using the Rowing Ergometer

Choszcz¹,

Podstawski²,

Wysocka-Welanc³

2009

Human Movement

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Purpose. The aim of the study was to develop a mathematical model to determine correlations between selected somatic traits and indoor rowing test results over a distance of 500 m as well as differences in the level of motor fitness of students of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. Material and methods. The research was carried out on a group of 274 full-time UWM students with the aid of Concept II Indoor Rower. The analysis concerned the effects of students' body weight and body height, year of study and the time required to cover the distance of 500 m during an indoor rowing test. Analysis of variance and regression analysis with stepwise elimination of the polynomial degree and form were used. Results. Only 15 subjects (5.5% of the sample) achieved the highest level of motor fitness, i.e. covered the distance under 92.7 s. A mathematical model describing the effects of decisive variables on the dependent variable was a model of regression of multiple variables of the 2 nd degree. The exogenous variables were subjects' body height and body weight. Conclusions. The proposed mathematical model of regression of multiple variables of the 2 nd degree can be useful for selection of individuals with predispositions to practice rowing at the academic and recreational levels. The proposed method of mathematical model development should be regarded as an algorithm for other, more versatile models involving additional variables.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Motor Fitness of Students Using the Rowing Ergometer

Choszcz¹,

Podstawski²,

Wysocka-Welanc³

2009

Human Movement

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“…Competitive rowers are exposed to substantial loading of the axial skeleton and antigravity muscles, and rowing uses Ͼ75% of total muscle mass of the body (47,54,55). Rowers develop marked cardiac hypertrophy (9, 51) and increased bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and proximal femur (28,31,36,37,39).…”

Section: Integrated Countermeasure Approach and Role Of Rowing Ergometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rowing unifies these aspects as it provides an intense volume and pressure load stimulus on the heart, as well as marked activation of lower, upper body, and core musculature. Rowing ergometry is also a low-impact activity and easy to learn (47,53,55).…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of rowing ergometry and resistive exercise on skeletal muscle structure and function during bed rest

Krainski

Hastings

Heinicke

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Exposure to microgravity causes functional and structural impairment of skeletal muscle. Current exercise regimens are time-consuming and insufficiently effective; an integrated countermeasure is needed that addresses musculoskeletal along with cardiovascular health. High-intensity, short-duration rowing ergometry and supplemental resistive strength exercise may achieve these goals. Twenty-seven healthy volunteers completed 5 wk of head-down-tilt bed rest (HDBR): 18 were randomized to exercise, 9 remained sedentary. Exercise consisted of rowing ergometry 6 days/wk, including interval training, and supplemental strength training 2 days/wk. Measurements before and after HDBR and following reambulation included assessment of strength, skeletal muscle volume (MRI), and muscle metabolism (magnetic resonance spectroscopy); quadriceps muscle biopsies were obtained to assess muscle fiber types, capillarization, and oxidative capacity. Sedentary bed rest (BR) led to decreased muscle volume (quadriceps: -9 ± 4%, P < 0.001; plantar flexors: -19 ± 6%, P < 0.001). Exercise (ExBR) reduced atrophy in the quadriceps (-5 ± 4%, interaction P = 0.018) and calf muscle, although to a lesser degree (-14 ± 6%, interaction P = 0.076). Knee extensor and plantar flexor strength was impaired by BR (-14 ± 15%, P = 0.014 and -22 ± 7%, P = 0.001) but preserved by ExBR (-4 ± 13%, P = 0.238 and +13 ± 28%, P = 0.011). Metabolic capacity, as assessed by maximal O2 consumption, (31)P-MRS, and oxidative chain enzyme activity, was impaired in BR but stable or improved in ExBR. Reambulation reversed the negative impact of BR. High-intensity, short-duration rowing and supplemental strength training effectively preserved skeletal muscle function and structure while partially preventing atrophy in key antigravity muscles. Due to its integrated cardiovascular benefits, rowing ergometry could be a primary component of exercise prescriptions for astronauts or patients suffering from severe deconditioning.

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“…Athletes frequently use manipulations in training load (i.e., intensity, duration, and frequency) to stimulate training adaptation. For example, it has been clearly demonstrated in rowers that low-intensity training kilometers are positively related to success in championships (Hagerman and Staron, 1982;Steinacker, 1993;Mäestu et al, 2005), and therefore periods of low-intensity and high-volume training are frequently used during preparation to optimize performance. Such increases in low-intensity training may reach up to 50% of the regular training volume (Rämson et al, 2008;Buchheit et al, 2013;Comotto et al, 2015;Thornton et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increases in RPE Rating Predict Fatigue Accumulation Without Changes in Heart Rate Zone Distribution After 4-Week Low-Intensity High-Volume Training Period in High-Level Rowers

et al. 2021

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of training load quantification using heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE)-based methodology, and the relationship between internal training load parameters and subjective training status (Fatigue) in high-level rowers during volume increased low-intensity training period.Methods: Training data from 19 high-level rowers (age 23.5 ± 5.9 years; maximal oxygen uptake 58.9 ± 5.8 ml·min−1·kg−1) were collected during a 4-week volume increased training period. All individual training sessions were analyzed to quantify training intensity distribution based on the HR time-in-zone method (i.e., HR Z1, HR Z2, and HR Z3) determined by the first and second ventilatory thresholds (VT1/VT2). Internal training load was calculated using session RPE (sRPE) to categorize training load by effort (i.e., sRPE1, sRPE2, and sRPE3). The Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-Sport) questionnaire was implemented after every week of the study period.Results: No differences were found between the respective HR and effort-based zone distributions during the baseline week (p > 0.05). Compared to HR Z1, sRPE1 was significantly lower in weeks 2–4 (p < 0.05), while sRPE2 was higher in weeks 2–3 compared to HR Z2 (p < 0.05) and, in week 4, the tendency (p = 0.06) of the higher amount of sRPE3 compared to HR Z3 was found. There were significant increases in RESTQ-Sport stress scales and decreases in recovery scales mostly during weeks 3 and 4. Increases in the Fatigue scale were associated with the amounts of sRPE2 and sRPE3 (p = 0.011 and p = 0.008, respectively), while no associations with Fatigue were found for HR-based session quantification with internal or external training load variables.Conclusion: During a low-intensity 4-week training period with increasing volume, RPE-based training quantification indicated a shift toward the harder rating of sessions with unchanged HR zone distributions. Moderate and Hard rated sessions were related to increases in Fatigue. Session rating of perceived exertion and effort-based training load could be practical measures in combination with HR to monitor adaptation during increased volume, low-intensity training period in endurance athletes.

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Advances in Physiology and Biomechanics of Rowing

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Measurement of Motor Fitness of Students Using the Rowing Ergometer

Measurement of Motor Fitness of Students Using the Rowing Ergometer

The effect of rowing ergometry and resistive exercise on skeletal muscle structure and function during bed rest

Increases in RPE Rating Predict Fatigue Accumulation Without Changes in Heart Rate Zone Distribution After 4-Week Low-Intensity High-Volume Training Period in High-Level Rowers

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