Advances in Lung Cancer Treatment

Abstract

Advances in Lung Cancer TreatmentEffective, personalized treatment of a cancer requires very specific information about the characteristics of each tumor. The primary site is determined by examining the type of cells found on biopsy to identify the vital organ or tissue from which the cancerous cells originated. For example, a tumor in the lung may prove to be primary lung cancer, or a metastasis from another primary site such as the kidney or breast. If the cancer originated in the lung or bronchial tissue, it is classified as a primary lung cancer. If the cell type is from the kidney, it would be described as a kidney/renal cancer with metastasis to the lungs.In the United States, death rates for all cancers dropped by approximately 31% between 1991 and 2018. The factors that appear to have had the greatest impact are reductions in cigarette smoking, detection at earlier stages due to improved screening tools, and more effective treatment options (American Cancer Society [ACS], 2022).Lung cancer provides an excellent example of a type of cancer where treatment developments have resulted in extended survival. The three most common categories for lung cancer are non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer, and carcinoid. Lung tumors are also categorized by the histological subtype (Figure 1). Adenocarcinomas, whether found in the lung, colon, breast or elsewhere, arise from a cell that produces mucous, for example, the alveoli in the lungs or mucous producing cells in the colon. Squamous cell carcinomas arise from epithelial cells in tissues and organs, for example, HOURS Continuing Education

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