Advanced control strategies for heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, and refrigeration systems—An overview: Part I: Hard control

Climate adaptive building shells: State-of-the-art and future challenges

“…There is a need for advanced supervisory control strategies that are able to evaluate several competitive alternatives to make wellinformed decisions. Promising developments in this regard are formed by optimal control [115], [116] and model based predictive control strategies supplied with weather forecasts [117], [118].…”

Review of Control Techniques for HVAC Systems—Nonlinearity Approaches Based on Fuzzy Cognitive Maps

“…According to Naidu and Rieger [6], in the matter of system nonlinearity and model uncertainty the robust control solution could be applicable. As a result of the attractive features of the robust control regarding uncertainty in model parameters, measured, unmeasured or external disturbances, it was successfully applied to cancel the disturbances in set point tracking.…”

“…Then the nonlinear control technique is required. As HVAC systems are time varying systems, complex and nonlinear, the nonlinear control approaches give different solutions than nonlinear models and slow time varying parameters and uncertainty [6], but the nonlinear control methods could be applied for restricted regions [15]. Since the purpose of this paper is focusing on nonlinear control methods, a comprehensive review on nonlinear control techniques applied for HVAC systems is provided in the following sections.…”

“…Due to the HVAC systems' characteristics like nonlinearity, complexity and time varying nature, the adaptive control strategy offers different solutions for nonlinear models and slow time varying parameters and uncertainty [6]. Based on work by Landau et al [44] and Perera et al [9], the adaptive control methods could be considered as a specific kind of nonlinear control method for systems or processes in which the dynamics change during normal operating conditions due to stochastic disturbances.…”

“…As it is low cost method, it does not have enough quality [1,9]. The The other type of traditional control method is Proportional, Integral and Derivative (PID) control which has been utilized in many applications and studies in this field [1,6]. The PID controllers are feedback controllers which work based on the errors of the system (differences between measured values and desired set point values).…”