Adult Schönlein-Henoch purpura after enalapril

Henoch–Schonlein purpura in pregnancy

“…The immune complexes are produced by peripheral B lymphocytes in response to an initiating factor (e.g. b-haemolyticStreptococcus, Legionella, Salmonella, Helicobacter pylori, Epstein-Barr virus, Parvovirus, Hepatitis A or B viruses and drugs, such as penicillin, acetylsalicylic acid (Reinauer et al 1995;Garty et al 1985;Lefrère et al 1985;Patel et al 1988; Wakefield and Hunter 1988;Moots et al 1992). When in the circulation, they are deposited in the walls of the small vessels and activate complement.…”

Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis: an update

“…Several studies have documented the association of HSP with hypersensitivity type 1 [9,21,23,42,57,60,63,67,77]. Early studies reported high plasma IgE levels in HSP [15].…”

“…Indeed, several drugs such as cipro¯oxacin, acetylsalicylic acid, vancomycin, carbidopa/levodopa, cocaine, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, carbamazepine and streptokinase [9,21,23,42,57,60,63,67,77] have been implicated in HSP induction. HSPN has also been occasionally reported in association with cancer [6], blunt trauma [80], monoclonal IgA gammopathy [22], Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome carriers [49], chronic alcoholic liver disease [28] and with alpha-1 antitrypsin de®ciency [25].…”

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis in antihypertensive drug users

“…To our knowledge, this is the first observational study investigating the influence of ACE inhibitor and ARB use and incident RA. Evidence for the association between ACE inhibitor and/or ARB use and the occurrence of autoimmune diseases was derived from case reports of lupus‐like disease, vasculitis, and pemphigus . In these case reports, the commonly prescribed ACE inhibitors such as captopril and enalapril were often reported as a suspected drug for the occurrence of these autoimmune diseases.…”

“…Otherwise, it has been postulated that the immunomodulating effects of ACE inhibitors may facilitate autoimmune responses . Indeed, several case reports have suggested that ACE inhibitors may facilitate the development of autoantibodies and autoimmune diseases such as lupus‐like syndrome, vasculitis, and pemphigus . Furthermore, one patient with ARB‐associated pemphigus has been reported …”