Adsorption of divalent cadmium by calcified iron-embedded carbon beads

Abstract

A novel iron-embedded carbon bead was prepared by the calcination of a calcium alginate gel bead mixed with iron nanoparticles coated by polydopamine. The prepared iron-embedded carbon bead was characterized by infrared spectrum analysis, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. It was discovered that the novel structure efficaciously prevented the agglomeration of iron nanoparticles. Additionally, the effects of dose, pH, exposure time, temperature and initial concentration on the adsorption of Cd(II) were studied, and the reusability of the material was analyzed. Fe/SA-C showed high Cd(II) removal capability (220.3, 225.7, 240.8 mg g À1 at 288, 298, 308 K), easy recoverability and high stability. In addition, some slightly different interpretations of the adsorption mechanism are given. This study clearly revealed that Fe/SA-C has potential application in the removal of Cd(II).

Potential Risk of Calcified Nanoparticles for Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection after Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Renal Calculi

“…Where f is the real value of the position in a continuous period. If f (T) is a finite bandwidth function in the period T, it is linearly combined with the Fourier transform to get the following result: [3] Among them, is the coefficient of Fourier change. The above formula under time can be expressed in vector form:…”

“…Before minimally invasive surgery was widely used, there were two main methods for the treatment of renal calculi, one was open surgery, and the other was drug Litholysis (1-2). Among them, after open surgery, renal function damage is serious, and there are many kinds of intraoperative and postoperative complications; The effect of drug treatment on Litholysis is even more disappointing to clinicians (3)(4). With the development of endoscopic equipment and related surgical methods, the above two traditional urolithiasis therapies are gradually being replaced (5)(6).…”