Adolescent Rickets in Saudi Arabia: A Rich and Sunny Country

Abdullah, Mohamed Ahmed; Salhi, Hamad S.; Bakry, Lina A.; Okamoto, Emi; Abomelha, Abdullah M.; Stevens, Brian; Mousa, Fawzi M.

doi:10.1515/jpem.2002.15.7.1017

Cited by 55 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Baroncelli et al(2008) showed that the VDR B allele may predispose to vitamin D deficiency . Moreover, it has been reported that greater than usual doses of vitamin D are needed to cure rickets in children of the Middle East (Essawy et al, 1992;Abdullah et al, 2002). However, in view of the lack of difference of serum 25-OHD levels between different VDR genotypes in our study, we cannot conclude that vitamin D status in our population is regulated by VDR polymorphisms.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Effect of age, gender and calciotropic hormones on the relationship between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and bone mineral density

et al. 2010

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Background/Objectives: Hypovitaminosis D is a major public health problem worldwide and unexpectedly more so in sunny countries. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is associated with inter-individual variance in bone mineral density (BMD). Studies assessing the effect of VDR gene polymorphisms on BMD yielded conflicting results. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between VDR polymorphisms and BMD in the Lebanese, across age groups and genders and to assess the effect of PTH and lean mass and vitamin D levels on such relationship. Subjects/Methods: In total, 203 subjects aged 65-85 years and 336 children aged 10-17 years. Polymorphisms in the VDR gene were assessed with the restriction enzymes BsmI, TaqI and ApaI. Bone mineral content, BMD and lean mass were measured using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). The dominant hand strength was measured in children. Results: Heterozygote genotype was the most frequent in both age groups. There was no difference in the frequency distribution of genotypes between the young and the elderly. No relationship between VDR genotypes and lean mass was found in either age group. Heterozygote boys had the lowest parathormone (PTH) and heterozygote elderly women had the highest BMD at the spine and forearm. Conclusions: In the Lebanese, the relationship between VDR polymorphisms and BMD differs by age. Survival does not seem to differ by VDR genotype. However, further studies are needed to assess the effect of VDR gene polymorphisms on mortality per se and time to mortality, not evaluated in this study.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Effect of age, gender and calciotropic hormones on the relationship between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and bone mineral density

et al. 2010

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“…We can thus state that the brief and casual exposure of the face, arms and hands to sunlight may not provide certain individuals with their vitamin D requirements, and also that the garments limit exposure to sunlight. This is in agreement with the data reported by Alagol (12), and Abdullah (13) in Turkish and Saudi Arabian women who, due to covering their bodies with clothing, usually have low serum 25OHD concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Bioavailability of vitamin D3 in non-oily capsules: the role of formulated compounds and implications for intermittent replacement

Coelho

Andrade²,

Saldanha³

et al. 2010

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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Objective: To evaluate the bioavailability of vitamin D in capsules as compared with oily drops in nuns living in a closed community with very low sun exposure. Methods: A randomized, 2 x 2 crossover, open clinical trial was conducted, with 18 nuns aged between 20 and 75 years. Samples were collected in the fasting state and at 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours following the administration of capsules and oily drops (both containing vitamin D3 66,000 UI plus vitamin A 13,200 UI) to determine serum 25 hydroxivitamin D concentrations (25OHD), at baseline and 90 days after. The evaluation was based on the maximum concentration (C max ) and area under the curve (AUC 0-24 ). Results: The capsule formulation presented C max and AUC 0-24 , 5.78% and 0.76%, respectively, greater than the oily drops formulation. Conclusion: Both formulations were within the limits for a bioequivalence study, namely C-90% for C max and AUC 0-24 , and the drugs were considered bioequivalent. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2010;54(2):239-43 Keywords Bioavailability; vitamin D; pharmacokinetics RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a biodisponibilidade da vitamina D3 em cápsulas, comparando com gotas oleosas, em religiosas que vivem em comunidade fechada com baixa exposição solar. Méto-dos: Ensaio clínico aberto, aleatório e cruzado 2 x 2, com 18 religiosas (20-75 anos de idade). As amostras foram coletadas em jejum e 4, 8, 12 e 24 horas após a administração de cápsulas e de gotas oleosas (ambos contendo 66.000 UI de vitamina D3 e 13.200 UI de vitamina A) para dosagem da 25 hidroxivitamina D (25OHD), em data base e 90 dias após. A avaliação baseouse nos resultados da concentração máxima (C máx ) da 25OHD e da área sob a curva (ASC 0-24 ). Resultados: A análise descritiva desses parâmetros demonstrou que a cápsula apresentou C máx e ASC 0-24 de 5,78% e 0,76% a mais que as gotas oleosas, respectivamente. Conclusão: Ambas as formulações encontravam-se dentro dos limites de aceitação em estudo de bioequivalência IC-90% para C máx e ASC ( 0-24 ), daí as drogas serem consideradas bioequivalentes. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2010;54(2):239-43

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“…This lifestyle makes Middle Easterners vulnerable even in the United Kingdom 2-5 and in America [6][7][8] . In addition, it has been suggested that a genetic factor (25-hydroylase deficiency) may be responsible for the increased incidence of NR in this community 9 . The increased incidence of NR in male children (71.64%) in our study has also been noticed in other studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%