Adiponectin in Childhood and Adolescent Obesity and Its Association with Inflammatory Markers and Components of the Metabolic Syndrome

Winer, Jeffrey C.; Zern, Tosca L.; Taksali, Sara E.; Dziura, James; Cali, Anna M. G.; Wollschlager, Margaret; Seyal, Aisha A.; Weiss, Ram; Burgert, Tania S.; Caprio, Sonia

doi:10.1210/jc.2006-0733

Cited by 155 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Recombinant leptin administration has been shown to promote atherosclerosis in mice and endogenous leptin levels have been associated with arterial stiffness, 16 insulin resistance, 12 inflammation, 18 and metabolic syndrome-associated cardiometabolic risk factors 12,14,[17][18][19] in children. Similarly, low levels of adiponectin are mechanistically linked to increased clearance rate of HDL-C (i.e., reduced numbers of this lipoprotein) 25 and are associated with increased progression of coronary artery calcium in adults 11 and increased carotid intima media thickness in children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Leptin and adiponectin, two of the most abundant adipokines secreted from adipocytes, have been implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease [9][10][11][12] and are associated with metabolic syndrome, visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, b-cell dysfunction, inflammation, arterial stiffness, and subclinical atherosclerosis in children. 9,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Leptin plays a prominent role in energy metabolism through its interaction with the hypothalamus and, in the context of obesity, leptin is often produced in high quantities due to leptin resistance. 20 Importantly, leptin is an independent predictor of future weight-gain in obese youth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hyperleptinemia and Hypoadiponectinemia in Extreme Pediatric Obesity

Kelly

Metzig

Schwarzenberg

et al. 2012

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

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Background: Adiponectin and leptin, adipokines associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, have not been well characterized in extreme pediatric obesity. Therefore, levels were compared in youth that were extremely obese (EO) to normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), and obese (OB) youth. Methods: Leptin, adiponectin, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, fasting glucose, insulin, and lipids were obtained in 277 children and adolescents (age 13.4 -2.6 years; 152 boys). Participants were classified into four BMI groups (NW, OW, OB, EO). Variables were compared across groups using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for gender, age, and race. Results: Risk factors generally worsened across BMI groups. EO had significantly higher levels of leptin than OB (P < 0.0001), OW (P < 0.0001), and NW (P < 0.0001). Leptin was higher in OB compared to OW (P < 0.005) and NW (P < 0.0001) and higher in OW compared to NW (P < 0.0001). Adiponectin levels in EO did not significantly differ from OB or OW but were significantly lower than NW (P < 0.0001). Adiponectin was not significantly different among the OB, OW, and NW groups. Conclusions: Leptin was markedly elevated in EO children and adolescents, suggesting that this subset of obese youth may be at particularly high risk of future weight gain and potentially reduced response to weight-loss interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperleptinemia and Hypoadiponectinemia in Extreme Pediatric Obesity

Kelly

Metzig

Schwarzenberg

et al. 2012

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

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“…40 Hotta et al 41 showed that adiponectin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were lower than those of non-diabetic patients, and were particularly low in subjects with coronary artery disease. Winer et al 42 suggested that adiponectin may have a function as a biomarker of MetS in childhood obesity. Ogawa et al 43 have shown that hypoadiponectinemia was associated with visceral fat accumulation and MetS in obese boys.…”

Section: Inflammatory Markers M Gonzá Lez Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Adiponectin is an adipose-tissue-specific, collagen-like protein with important antiatherogenic, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. [8][9][10] Adiponectin is considered an obesity protection factor and as a biomarker of MetS in children and adolescents. 11 Leptin, a cytokine-like molecule secreted by adipose tissue, regulates adipose mass and body weight by inhibiting food intake and stimulating energy expenditure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory markers and metabolic syndrome among adolescents

et al. 2012

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:The alarming increase in obesity worldwide is of concern, owing to the associations of obesity with metabolic syndrome (MetS), which has been associated with a proinflammatory state characterized by elevated plasma concentrations of several markers of inflammation. The aim of this study was to assess levels of inflammatory markers and their association with MetS among adolescents. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A random sample of adolescents (n ¼ 362, 143 boys and 219 girls, 12-17 years) was interviewed, anthropometrically measured and provided a fasting blood sample. Circulating levels of adiponectin, leptin, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were measured. The association between inflammatory markers and sex, age, body mass index (BMI) status, MetS, physical activity and blood pressure was also calculated. RESULTS: Adiponectin levels are inversely associated and leptin levels are directly associated with MetS and BMI, but directly with gender (females show higher levels than boys), and PAI-1 levels are directly associated with MetS, among adolescents.

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“…Notably, Huber et al reported that CC chemokines such as CCL5 (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted; RANTES) are high in obese subjects and that their respective receptors are up-regulated in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) [8]. Recent studies revealed that obesity induces significant changes in the circulating levels of adipocytokines such as adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor in children and adolescents [9][10][11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%