Adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso da hipertensão arterial e fatores associados

Abstract

RESUMOObjetivo: identificar o grau de adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso de portadores de hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Método: estudo quantitativo, seccional. Participaram 60 usuários hipertensos atendidos em uma unidade básica de saúde. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da aplicação de um questionário baseado no Teste de Morisky-Green acrescido de questões sociodemográficas e clínicas. Resultados: dos 60 hipertensos, 10% apresentavam alta adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso; 46,7%, média adesão e 43,3% apresentaram baixa adesão. A maioria (95%) acreditava ter sido suficientemente informada sobre a HAS e seu tratamento. Os fatores que se mostraram associados à baixa adesão à terapia foram idade menor de 60 anos (p=0,038) e desconforto quando não toma medicação (p=0,023). Conclusão: a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso para a hipertensão arterial é influenciada por múltiplos fatores, o que revela a necessidade de intervenções individualizadas e inovadoras que contemplem a realidade de cada sujeito, favoreçam a aderência à terapia e a consequente melhoria da qualidade de vida. Descritores: Hipertensão Arterial; Adesão à Medicação; Enfermagem; Qualidade de Vida; Terapia Medicamentosa; Saúde Pública. ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the degree of adherence to the drug treatment of patients with systemic arterial hypertension. Method: quantitative, sectional study. Sixty hypertensive patients cared for at a basic health unit, participated. Data collection was carried out through the application of a questionnaire based on the Morisky-Green Test plus sociodemographic and clinical questions. Results: of the 60 hypertensive patients, 10% had high adherence to drug treatment; 46.7%, mean adherence and 43.3% presented low compliance. The majority (95%) believed to have been sufficiently informed about SAH and its treatment. The factors that were associated with low adherence to therapy were age less than 60 years (p = 0.038) and discomfort when not taking medication (p = 0.023). Conclusion: adherence to drug treatment for arterial hypertension is influenced by multiple factors, which reveals the need for individualized and innovative interventions that contemplate the reality of each subject, favor adherence to therapy and the consequent improvement of quality of life. Descriptors: Arterial Hypertension; Adherence to Medicine; Nursing; Quality of Life; Drug Therapy; Public Health.RESUMENObjetivo: identificar el grado de adhesión al tratamiento medicamentoso de portadores de hipertensión arterial sistémica. Método: estudio cuantitativo, seccional. Participaron 60 usuarios hipertensos atendidos en una unidad básica de salud. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario basado en la prueba de Morisky-Green acrecidos de las cuestiones socio-demográficas y clínicas. Resultados: de los 60 hipertensos, 10% presentaba alta adhesión al tratamiento medicamentoso; 46,7%, media adhesión y 43,3% presentaron baja adhesión. La mayoría (95%) creía haber sido suficientemente informada sobre la HAS y su tratamiento. Los factores que se mostraron asociados a la baja adhesión a la terapia fueron edad menor de 60 años (p = 0,038) y molestias cuando no toma medicación (p = 0,023). Conclusión: la adhesión al tratamiento medicamentoso para la hipertensión arterial es influenciada por múltiples factores, lo que revela la necesidad de intervenciones individualizadas e innovadoras que contemplan la realidad de cada sujeto, favorezcan la adherencia a la terapia y la consecuente mejoría de la calidad de vida. Descriptores: Hipertensión Arterial; Adhesión a la Medicación; Enfermería; Calidad de Vida; Tratamiento Farmacológico; Salud Publica.

Adesão à medicação pelo paciente renal crônco em hemodiálise

“…The establishment of an effective communication between these professionals and the patient is of great importance in preventing damage, promoting care, and for confidence in the health team. 11 The periodic guidelines to renal patients about their medications and treatment are significant care actions that corroborate good practices of adherence, self-care and strengthening of the professional-patient bond. 11,27 Most patients were aware of the importance of taking the medications, when relating this attitude to maintaining their health; the understanding of the patient about taking their medications, as well as why to use them, is a key element for the selfcare, once the knowledge is essential to the adherence as well as to the acceptance of their clinical condition.…”

“…24 The complexity of the therapeutic scheme involving the polypharmacy can hinder the medication adherence, because of reasons that may be associated with side effects, forgetfulness, low education, psychological issues or the unwanted adherence and, added to this, the particularity of the renal patient, with their physical, cognitive limitations, age, presence or not of a caregiver, can make this adherence more difficult. 25 The non-adherence to medication is worrying and brings consequences to quality of life, such as failure in therapeutic results, hospitalizations and premature deaths, 11 and knowing the patient and their difficulties for the non-compliance is crucial to develop strategies based on their peculiarities, expanding the care for the psychological and sociocultural aspects. 10 The nurse, as a healthcare team member, has an important role in raising awareness of the patient and their family in the development of actions for prevention and health promotion.…”

“…10 There is, furthermore, a negative impact on the economic scenario by the increased number of hospitalizations and avoidable costs. 11 In this way, evaluating the adherence to medication becomes of great relevance in health practices, since it may guide behaviors and assist in the promotion of care by health professionals, contributing to a better survival and quality of life of these patients. 11 • To measure medication adherence in chronic renal patients undergoing hemodialysis.…”

“…11 In this way, evaluating the adherence to medication becomes of great relevance in health practices, since it may guide behaviors and assist in the promotion of care by health professionals, contributing to a better survival and quality of life of these patients. 11 • To measure medication adherence in chronic renal patients undergoing hemodialysis. This is a quantitative, descriptive study, performed at a private center of reference in HD, contracted with the Unified Health System (UHS), located in the municipality of Juazeiro, northern region of Bahia, with 320 enrolled patients.…”

Adesão Medicamentosa De Portadores De Hipertensão Arterial Sistemica Em Uma Unidade De Saúde Da Família De Cascavel- Pr

“…A aderência a terapêutica é considerada a medida mais efetiva para o controle da pressão arterial, porém, 40% a 60% dos pacientes em tratamento não fazem o uso da medicação anti-hipertensiva (BARBOSA e LIMA, 2006). Estudos apontam que características como sexo, idade, renda, escolaridade e até a localidade de residência, interferem de alguma forma na adesão medicamentosa, bem como na qualidade do tratamento a longo prazo (DOURADO et al,., 2011;CARVALHO et al,., 2012;CAVALARI et al,., 2012;OLLER et al,., 2016;GHELMAN et al,., 2018).…”