Addressing skin abrasions on artificial turfs with zwitterionic polymer brushes

Tay, Sock P.; Fleming, Paul R.; Forrester, Stephanie E.; Hu, Xiao

doi:10.1039/c5ra26194e

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…In general, the hydration layer of PUs is structured from noncrystal and crystal water . Noncrystal water represents the part with strong interactions with PUs, and crystal water represents the part that had no or weak interactions with PUs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total water content was determined by the weight loss below 200 °C. Crystal water content was calculated by dividing the melting enthalpy at approximately 0 °C by the enthalpy of pure water (334.45 J/g) from the above DSC analysis . Noncrystal water content was analyzed by subtracting crystal water content from total water content.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crystal water content was calculated by dividing the melting enthalpy at approximately 0 °C by the enthalpy of pure water (334.45 J/g) from the above DSC analysis. 14 Noncrystal water content was analyzed by subtracting crystal water content from total water content. At least three independent PUs were done for the content of water.…”

Section: Elemental Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is still a key issue about meeting artificial meniscus with both excellent mechanical strength and low coefficient of friction (COF) that needs to be worked out. 8,13 To balance the principal performances of artificial meniscus, including mechanical and tribological performances, surface modification 14,15 and hydrogel enhancement 16−18 have been explored for many years. Although the surface modification of biomaterials with high mechanical strength can improve the tribological properties of substrates with stable mechanical properties, 15 surface layers tend to be peeled away from the substrates in long-term applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the Mechanical Properties and Tribological Behavior of Sulfobetaine Polyurethane Based on Hydrophobic Chains to Be Applied as Artificial Meniscus

Zhai

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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In the context of meniscus reconstruction in knee joints, current bulk biomaterials fail to meet the clinical demands for both excellent mechanical strength and low coefficient of friction. In this research, zwitterionic polyurethanes (PUs) with varying sulfobetaine (SB) groups were synthesized as the potential materials for artificial meniscus to investigate the relationship between the structures of SB groups and the performances of PUs. Under the saturation condition of 3 mg/mL hyaluronic acid aqueous solution, PU with long-alkyl chains and SB groups (PU-hSB4) exhibited a good tensile modulus (111.5 MPa) because the hydrophobic interaction of carbon chains was able to maintain the ordered aggregations of hard segment domains. Interestingly, hydrophobic chains in the molecular chain could also improve the tribological performance of PU-hSB4 instead of resulting from the surface roughness of samples, the components of lubricants, and the counterface of samples. A thicker and relatively stable hydration layer of noncrystal water was formed on the surface of PU-hSB4, which exhibited superior resistance to external forces compared to other PUs. Even if the hydration layer was damaged, PU-hSB4 was able to resist the compression of cartilage due to its high surface modulus, thus maintaining a similar and stable coefficient of friction (0.15−0.16) to native meniscus (0.18) and excellent wear resistance. In addition, the low cytotoxicity of PU-hSB4 further demonstrated its great potential to be applied in artificial meniscus instead.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Elemental Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the Mechanical Properties and Tribological Behavior of Sulfobetaine Polyurethane Based on Hydrophobic Chains to Be Applied as Artificial Meniscus

Zhai

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Selecting skin simulant materials with realistic friction behaviour can increase the biofidelity of stud laceration test methods. A variety of silicone materials are used as suggested skin simulants for tribology research, depending on the age, moisture content and type of skin that needs to be simulated (Chimata & Schwartz 2015;Tay et al 2016;Tay et al 2017). Further, artificial leather (Lorica ® Soft) has been shown to have a close correspondence of friction behaviour compared to human skin (Derler et al 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a test method to evaluate laceration risk of studded footwear

Oudshoorn¹

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Studded footwear has previously caused a number of severe laceration injuries in rugby union. Current test methods for assessing the laceration injury risk of rugby stud designs are unrepresentative of the game and are not mandatory for manufacturers to follow. The aim of this project was to develop a new, game-representative test method to assess the laceration injury risk of stud designs used in rugby union. First, the prevalence of skin and laceration injuries in rugby union was assessed through a systematic literature review of epidemiological studies. It was found that 2.4 skin injuries occurred per 1000 match hours, which could be interpreted as one time-loss injury per team, per season. Throughout this project I have been lucky enough to have met and been supported by a great number of people. I would first like to thank my supervisors, Dr David James, Dr Heather Driscoll and Dr Marcus Dunn for their support and patience over the last three years. Dave, thank you for making time for me when I needed it and for helping me focus on the end goal. Heather, without your enthusiasm for this project I would not have written this thesis today. Thank you for your wisdom and honest advice throughout the years. And Marcus, thank you for critically challenging me, which has led me to become a better researcher. I would like to give a special mention to Terry Senior, who tolerated me in his workshop for months on end to build our test rig. Me, and the rest of the PhD students, also want to thank you for the never ending (mental) support you give us. My PhD colleagues have been an amazing help throughout this project. Thank you for providing your assistance with experiments, for engaging in discussions on topics I felt stuck on and for providing a great community to work in. I would like to thank my friends, in the UK and in the Netherlands, for listening to my rambles on laceration injuries and for taking me out into the real world when it was most needed. For our old friendships that had to withstand the test of time and distance, and for the new ones that have so kindly adopted me here in your country. I would especially like to thank my boyfriend, Alan, for his patience and his ability to put up with me. And finally, my lovely family: Mam, Pap en Youp. Jullie hebben me altijd vertrouwd en en het beste met me voor gehad. Zelfs als dit betekent dat ik aan de andere kant van het kanaal ging wonen. Ik ben jullie daar eeuwig dankbaar voor! V

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