Addressing drinking water salinity due to sea water intrusion in Praia de Leste, Parana, by a brackish water desalination pilot plant

Abstract

Seawater intrusion into the Pombas river, source of freshwater to Praia de Leste on the coast of Parana in Brazil presents a problem to the water utility as most water treatment plants in Brazil are conventional. To find a solution to this problem, a pilot plant (1m 3 /h) consisting of ultrafiltration (UF) followed by reverse osmosis (RO) was developed and evaluated. For testing, brackish water was produced with a concentration of 1,500 ± 100 mg/L of total dissolved solids (TDS), mixing seawater and fresh water. To evaluate the water quality, TDS, electrical conductivity, pH, temperature, apparent color, turbidity, alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, chloride and sulfate were monitored. For operational performance, flowrates, osmotic pressure, filtration rate, recovery rate and mass balance were analyzed. On average, the UF system removed 96.4% of turbidity and 98.6% of apparent color; whereas the RO system removed 99.4% of TDS. The overall average recovery (UF and RO) was 45.81% with average osmotic pressure of 8.21 bar, filtration rate of 30.7 L/h/m 2 in the UF system and 21.7 L/h/m 2 in the RO system. From a water quality point of view, the system was effective in processing brackish into fresh water of high quality.

Osmose Reversa no Tratamento de Água para o Consumo Humano: Revisão Sistemática

“…No total, 39 aplicabilidades puderam ser observadas (Figura 5), sendo a de maior representatividade foi a utilização para dessalinização, com cerca de 15,38%. Esse dado é corrobora a Wiecheteck et al (2019), que em estudo sobre a utilização da técnica para o tratamento de águas salobras e salinas no estado Paraná, afirma que a dessalinização para o abastecimento é uma realidade atual.…”

“…Além dos microcontaminantes, segundo Wiecheteck et al (2019), outra realidade do abastecimento é a dessalinização das águas. Uma tecnologia eficiente no tratamento de ambos é a osmose reversa (OR), que surgiu na segunda metade do século XX, com o objetivo de dessalinizar a água do mar.…”

An Alternating, Current-Induced Electromagnetic Field for Membrane Fouling and Scaling Control during Desalination of Secondary Effluent from Municipal Wastewater

“…Wastewater reclamation and reuse offer a practical solution to enhance water supply resilience and alleviate local freshwater demand [1][2][3]. Reverse osmosis (RO) is an advanced membrane desalination technology that effectively removes pathogens, organic, and inorganic substances in wastewater, providing high-quality water for beneficial reuse [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, membrane fouling and scaling are major operational problems that, if not controlled, can lead to a decreased water flux, deteriorated permeate water quality, elevated feed pressures, increased energy demand, and more frequent chemical cleaning.…”