Acylated phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside and acteoside from Cistanche tubulosa, improve glucose tolerance in mice

Abstract

Acylated phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside (1) and acteoside (2), principal constituents in stems of Cistanche tubulosa (Orobanchaceae), inhibited the increase in postprandial blood glucose levels in starch-loaded mice at doses of 250-500 mg/kg p.o. These compounds (1 and 2) also significantly improved glucose tolerance in starch-loaded mice after 2 weeks of continuous administration at doses of 125 and/or 250 mg/kg/day p.o. without producing significant changes in body weight or food intake. In addition, several constituents from C. tubulosa, including 1 (IC50 = 3.1 μM), 2 (1.2 μM), isoacteoside (3, 4.6 μM), 2'-acetylacteoside (4, 0.071 μM), tubulosides A (5, 8.8 μM) and B (9, 4.0 μM), syringalide A 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (10, 1.1 μM), campneoside I (13, 0.53 μM), and kankanoside J1 (14, 9.3 μM), demonstrated potent rat lens aldose reductase inhibitory activity. In particular, the potency of compound 4 was similar to that of epalrestat (0.072 μM), a clinical aldose reductase inhibitor.

Phenylethanoid Glycosides: Research Advances in Their Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activity and Pharmacokinetics

“…In vitro, nine of pure PhGs demonstrated potent rat lens aldose reductase inhibitory activity. In particular, 2 1 -acetyl-acteoside (137) (0.071 µM) was similar to that of epalrestat (0.072 µM), a clinical aldose reductase inhibitor [105]. In an alloxan-induced diabetic mice model, compound 123 significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde levels, and at same time increased serum insulin levels, SOD, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities [106].…”

The Effect of Verbascoside in Neuropathic Pain Induced by Chronic Constriction Injury in Rats

“…The phenylpropanoid verbascoside (acteoside) is a glycoside isolated from several medicinal plants of different families such as Verbenaceae, Oleaceae, Buddlejaceae, Lamiaceae, and Scrophulariaceae. This compound is known to have various pharmacological effects including antiulcerogenic (Sanchez et al, 2013), antiproliferative (Lee et al, 2007), glucose tolerance improvement (Morikawa et al, 2014),and enhanced learning and memory tasks (Lee et al, 2006;Gao et al, 2015;Peng et al, 2015). Verbascoside is known as a powerful reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and antioxidant agent (Di Giancamillo et al, 2013;Funes et al, 2009;Mosca et al, 2013).…”

Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitory activity of dimeric dihydrochalcone glycosides from flowers of Helichrysum arenarium

“…The experiments were performed according to the method as described in our previous reports with a slight modification [31, 32]. Thus, a mixture of each test sample and sucrose (2 g/kg) suspended in 5 % (w/v) acacia solution (20 ml/kg) was administered orally to fasted mice (body weight 24–27 g).…”