“…PA infection is highly prone to drug resistance, and the means of treatment are scarce, the mortality rate is extremely high despite improvements in supportive care and antibiotic use ( Neuhauser et al., 2003 ; Shorr, 2009 ; Von Baum et al., 2010 ; Song et al., 2012 ; Peng et al., 2014 ; Wang et al., 2014 ). If PA-infected patients have acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the mortality rate can reach up to 70% ( Song et al., 2014 ). To date, several studies have demonstrated that the administration of mesenchymal stem or stromal cell (MSC) attenuated lung inflammation and histological damage while improving recovery from acute lung injury (ALI) caused by endotoxin ( Gupta et al., 2007 ; Mei et al., 2007 ; Xu et al., 2007 ; Xu et al., 2008 ; Krasnodembskaya et al., 2010 ), E. coli ( Gupta et al., 2012 ; Lee et al., 2013 ) or sepsis ( Nemeth et al., 2009 ; Gonzalez-Rey et al., 2009 ).…”