Acute exposure to GSM 900-MHz electromagnetic fields induces glial reactivity and biochemical modifications in the rat brain

Mausset-Bonnefont, Anne-Laure; Hirbec, Hélène; Bonnefont, Xavier; Privat, Alain; Vignon, Jacques; Seze, René de

doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2004.07.004

Cited by 109 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The effect of radiation on c-Fos-positive cell counts in picrotoxin-treated rats is coherent with convulsions having been suffered by the irradiated rats (group PR) but not by the non-irradiated rats (group PNR); both findings suggest that 2 hours' exposure to 1 W GSM radiation markedly increased uncontrolled neuronal activity in the GABAergic and/or glutamatergic systems involving the frontal motor and piriform cortex [13,22] following sensitization of these systems by subconvulsive doses of picrotoxin [14]. Despite of the fact that the experiments were Table 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

An Experimental Set-Up for Measurement of the Power Absorbed From 900 MHZ GSM Standing Waves by Small Animals, Illustrated by Application to Picrotoxin-Treated Rats

López-Martín¹,

Bregáins²,

Jorge-Barreiro³

et al. 2008

PIER

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Abstract-We describe an experimental set-up for exposure of small animals to radiofrequency standing waves that allows direct measurement of the power absorbed by the animal. Essentially, the setup consists of a metallic box containing an antenna and experimental animal immobilized in a methacrylate holder; a signal generator feeding the antenna; and a power meter. In addition, the box can also contain a video camera to record the animal's behaviour, and a receiving antenna (connected externally to a power meter and a spectrum analyser) to detect undesired (external) radiation and possible harmonics of the radiating system. The absorbed power measurement trivially allows calculation of whole-body mean SAR from the animal's weight; and assuming local SARs to be proportional to whole-body mean SAR, the latter can be used to adjust organ-specific SAR predictions obtained by simulation using a commercial FDTD program with a numerical phantom. The use of the system is illustrated by application to rats given subconvulsive doses of picrotoxin to induce a seizure-prone state analogous to epilepsy: levels of the neuronal activity marker c-Fos in the frontal and piriform cortex of picrotoxin-treated rats exposed to 900 MHz GSM radiation were twice as high as those of unexposed animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

An Experimental Set-Up for Measurement of the Power Absorbed From 900 MHZ GSM Standing Waves by Small Animals, Illustrated by Application to Picrotoxin-Treated Rats

López-Martín¹,

Bregáins²,

Jorge-Barreiro³

et al. 2008

PIER

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“…GFAP was assessed in the cortex, striatum and hippocampus, the structures where an effect of GSM exposure was previously described (Brillaud et al, 2007;Mausset-Bonnefont et al, 2004).…”

Section: Gfap Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the astroglial response to GSM, the literature is characterized by a high variability, as shown by negative (Fritze et al, 1997;Grafstrom et al, 2008) and positive effects (Ammari et al, 2010;Brillaud et al, 2007;Mausset-Bonnefont et al, 2004). Protocol differences may explain part of this variability, as, GFAP expression can be decreased by stress (Laping et al, 1994).…”

Section: Gsm Exposure and Neuro-immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A transitory astroglial reactivity was observed 48 h to 72 h following an acute local exposure to GSM signal at high specific absorption rate (SAR) of 6 Watts/kg (W/kg) (Brillaud et al, 2007;Mausset-Bonnefont et al, 2004).This response was shown in several structures of the limbic system, a circuitry involved in both memory and emotional processes (Fanselow and Dong, 2010). GSM effects on IL expression have only been assessed in one in vitro study (Thorlin et al, 2006), while no in vivo animal studies have been published yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of 900MHz radiofrequency on corticosterone, emotional memory and neuroinflammation in middle-aged rats

Bouji¹,

Lecomte²,

Hode³

et al. 2012

Experimental Gerontology

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. Effects of 900 MHz radiofrequency on corticosterone, emotional memory and neuroinflammation in middle-aged rats. Experimental Gerontology, Elsevier, 2012, 47 (6) ABSTRACTThe widespread use of mobile phones raises the question of the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF, 900 MHz) on the brain. Previous studies reported increased levels of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the rat's brain after a single exposure to 900 MHz global system for mobile (GSM) signal, suggesting a potential inflammatory process. While this result was obtained in adult rats, no data is currently available in older animals. Since the transition from middle-age to senescence is highly dependent on environment and lifestyle, we studied the reactivity of middle-aged brains to EMF exposure. We assessed the effects of a single 15 min GSM exposure (900MHz; specific absorption rate (SAR) = 6 W/kg) on GFAP expression in young adults (6 week-old) and middle-aged rats (12 month-old). Brain interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, plasmatic levels of corticosterone (CORT), and emotional memory were also assessed.Our data indicated that, in contrast to previously published work, acute GSM exposure did not induce astrocytes activation. Our results showed an IL-1β increase in the olfactory bulb and enhanced contextual emotional memory in GSM-exposed middle-aged rats, and increased plasmatic levels of CORT in GSM-exposed young adults. Altogether, our data showed an age dependency of reactivity to GSM exposure in neuroimmunity, stress and behavioral parameters. Reproducing these effects and studying their mechanisms may allow a better understanding of mobile phone EMF effects on neurobiological parameters.

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“…Authors working at 900 or 2450 MHz have reported that acute effects in the cerebral cortex and striatum, such as glyosis, neuronal activation and cell stress, are associated with SARs ranging from brain averages of 6.0 W/kg to 1-g-average peaks as low as 0.3 W/kg [15][16][17]. Alterations in neuronal apoptosis rates or non-caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways have also been observed after single or repeated exposure of whole rats or human or animal neuronal cell lines [18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Multi-Frequency System for Studying Dosimetry and Acute Effects on Cell and Nuclear Morphology in Rat Tissues

López-Furelos¹,

Miñana-Maiques²,

Leiro³

et al. 2012

PIER

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Abstract-Simultaneous exposure to multiple electromagnetic signals with widely differing carrier frequencies is a reality of daily life, but its possible effects on health are unknown. In this study, we exposed rats to non-thermal levels of 900 and 2450 MHz TEM-mode radiation, applied individually or simultaneously, and we obtained estimates of 1 g mean SAR (specific absorption rate) in various tissues using a numerical model of the rat and finite-difference timedomain software. The experimental system comprised a GTEM (gigahertz TEM) chamber connected to two vector signal generators, a signal mixer and amplifier, a directional coupler, a spectrum analyzer and a power meter. Tissue sections from rats sacrificed 24 h after exposure, and from negative controls and positive controls exposed to gamma radiation, were stained with haematoxylin-eosin for evaluation of general cell morphology and with DAPI (4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) for evaluation of apoptosis. Lesions, tissue destruction and apoptosis were only observed in positive controls. The results for rats exposed to either frequency, or to both simultaneously, were similar to those of unexposed negative controls. It remains to determine whether chronic exposure is similarly innocuous.

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Acute exposure to GSM 900-MHz electromagnetic fields induces glial reactivity and biochemical modifications in the rat brain

Cited by 109 publications

References 31 publications

An Experimental Set-Up for Measurement of the Power Absorbed From 900 MHZ GSM Standing Waves by Small Animals, Illustrated by Application to Picrotoxin-Treated Rats

An Experimental Set-Up for Measurement of the Power Absorbed From 900 MHZ GSM Standing Waves by Small Animals, Illustrated by Application to Picrotoxin-Treated Rats

Effects of 900MHz radiofrequency on corticosterone, emotional memory and neuroinflammation in middle-aged rats

An Experimental Multi-Frequency System for Studying Dosimetry and Acute Effects on Cell and Nuclear Morphology in Rat Tissues

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