Acute Exposure of Arsenic Tri-oxide Produces Hyperglycemia in both Sexes of an Indian Teleost, Clarias batrachus (Linn.)

Abstract

The present investigation has been conducted to study of the effect of acute exposure of sublethal doses of arsenic tri-oxide (As(2)O(3)) on blood glucose level in an Indian teleost, Clarias batrachus, during their post-breeding season (October to January). The effect was correlated with the sex and doses used with time. Acute exposure of As(2)O(3) of 5, 10 and 15 mg/l for six consecutive days (i.e., 144 h) has been conducted on both sexes of C. batrachus. During the present investigation, it was noticed that the females were more reactive to arsenic in producing hyperglycemia compared to their male counterparts. The difference between males and females to produce hyperglycemia on exposure to arsenic appears to be dose dependent, as lower doses of 5 and 10 mg/l exhibit less difference between the two sexes compared to the highest dose order of 15 mg/l. After 96 h of treatment, a normoglycemic condition was observed in both sexes. However, no significant differences in average normal blood glucose levels were noticed in male and female C. batrachus during the post-breeding season.

Recent advancements in toxicology, modern technology for detection, and remedial measures for arsenic exposure: review

“…Although it is widely recognized that aquatic ecosystems serve as the ultimate reservoir for many chemicals, including arsenic (Kumari et al, 2011b;Rand et al, 2020), water serves as the ultimate vehicle for exposure to many toxic substances. Fish is currently a well-known biological model for toxicological research (Denizeau 2018;Boudou and Ribeyre 2018) and can be used as a study model for arsenic toxicity to elucidate the molecular mechanism.…”

“…renal and hepatic degeneration, focal hepatic necrosis, bile duct obstruction, proliferation in parenchymal hepatocytes (Muneeb et al, 2020). Furthermore, the increased arsenic accumulation induces hyperglycemia, adverse changes in other biochemical and hematological parameters, down-regulation of antioxidant defense, inhibition of enzymatic activities, immune system dysfunction, and reduced breeding ability in sh (Kumari and Ahsan 2011b;Han et al, 2019;Prakash and Verma 2020;Mekkawi et al, 2020;Tuteja et al, 2021). Later it causes poor growth, behavioral changes and death in sh and other aquatic organisms.…”