Acute Effects and Long‐Term Sequelae of 1,3‐Dinitrobenzene on Male Reproduction in the Rat I. Sperm Quality, Quantity, and Fertilizing Ability

Abstract

Groups of eight adult male rats were given a single oral dose of 0 or 48 mg/kg of 1,3-dinitrobenzene and sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 72, and 175 days posttreatment. The groups killed at 175 days were bred to untreated females during weeks 3, 4, 6, 9, 13, and 24. Decreased testis weight and testicular sperm numbers were observed by day 4; decreased cauda sperm reserves and epididymis weight occurred by day 8 and day 16, respectively. Reduced numbers of motile spermatozoa and abnormal sperm morphology were seen in spermatozoa from the cauda epididymidis by day 16. Fertilizing ability, as indicated by the presence of two pronuclei and a sperm tail in eggs flushed from the oviducts of inseminated females, was slightly reduced by week 4 and declined to zero by week 6. Group means for reproductive organ weights, sperm production, and sperm reserves failed to return to control levels although some individual animals approached full recovery. Normal fertilizing ability was restored in most animals by week 13, but two of seven remained infertile. Occlusion of some efferent ductules was observed in three of seven animals at 175 days. This study indicates that 1,3-dinitrobenzene is a potent testicular toxicant in the rat, capable of producing marked testicular damage, infertility, and possibly sterility from a single exposure.

Structure and function of the ductuli efferentes: A review

“…Dinitrobenzene, a chemical widely used in the manufacture of dyes, plastics, and explosives, has also been reported to cause a limited number of obstructions in the ductuli efferentes, some eventually proceeding to fibrotic obliterations, calcifications, and granulomatous formations (Linder et al, 1988a). However, no detailed description of the changes in the ductuli efferentes epithelium was offered.…”

Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for 1,3-Dinitrobenzene

“…Linder et al [21] administered a single oral dose of 48 mg m-DNB/kg in acetone/corn oil (2% v/v) to eight male Sprague Dawley rats/group and demonstrated a marked seminiferous tubular degeneration, with reduced testicular and epididymal weights, reduced numbers of sperm heads, degeneration of sperm tails, and the appearance of dead and "decapitated" cells. A single dose of m-DNB to male laboratory rodents has served as a model for the investigation of testicular impairment.…”

“…While speculation on the mechanism of these effects has centered on the possibility of impairment of oxidative metabolism and a perturbation of intracellular redox mechanisms and/or changes in the concentrations and activities of various neurotransmitters and their metabolites, evidence is lacking to indicate precisely how the observed effects are brought about [15]. Impairment of the male reproductive organs with associated decreases in sperm production, motility, and reproductive performance is a consistent response of experimental animals to m-DNB [20,21,23,25,26,28]. The limited data and study design precludes an adequate assessment of the neurological effects of m-DNB, although it is reasonable to infer that ataxia will likely result in decreased survival, the lack of a dose-response regime and endpoints consistent with prior studies suggests the questionable nature of these data for TRV derivation.…”

Electromagnetic Waves Emitted By Mobile Phones Effect On The Testis Morphology Of Rat

“…Her kesitte preparat saat yönünde kaydırılarak rastgele seçilen 10 benzer alandaki seminifer tübüllerin çapı ve alanı x100 büyütmedeki görün-tülerden Olympus DP2-BSW programı kullanılarak ölçül-müştür. Seminifer tübüllerde histolojik hasar skorlaması da benzer şekilde rastgele seçilen 10 benzer alandaki x200 büyütmede Rex A. Hess (1988)'in çalışmasından modifiye edilerek yapılmış ve normal, regresif, dejeneratif ve atrofik tübüller değerlendirilmiştir (22).…”