Acute Anterior Uveitis and HLA-B27

Abstract

Acute anterior uveitis is the most common form of uveitis. HLA-B27-associated acute anterior uveitis is a distinct clinical entity that has wide-ranging medical significance due to its ocular, systemic, immunologic, and genetic features. The association between HLA-B27 and the spectrum of HLA-B27-associated inflammatory diseases remains one of the strongest HLA-disease associations known to date. This review examines acute anterior uveitis with particular focus on HLA-B27-associated acute anterior uveitis, including the epidemiology, immunopathology, association with HLA-B27 and its subtypes, clinical features, complications, prognosis, and potential new therapies such as anti-TNFalpha therapy and oral HLA-B27-peptide tolerance. There have been substantial recent advances in both clinical and basic scientific research in this field, including studies of the various animal models of acute anterior uveitis and the HLA-B27 transgenic animals, and these are summarized in this review. To the ophthalmologist, HLA-B27-associated acute anterior uveitis is an important clinical entity that is common, afflicts relatively young patients in their most productive years, and is associated with significant ocular morbidity due to its typically recurrent attacks of inflammation and its potentially vision-threatening ocular complications. Furthermore, to the ophthalmologist and the internist, HLA-B27-associated acute anterior uveitis is also of systemic importance due to its significant association with extraocular inflammatory diseases.

Development and validation of a Bayesian network for the differential diagnosis of anterior uveitis

“…B27 positivity in our sample was lower than expected, as this allele has been shown to be present in up to 50% of anterior uveitis. 10 This may be due to the fact that ours is a tertiary referral center, and most cases of B27-related anterior uveitis can be managed in secondary units. Thus, the prevalences we observed will probably be more similar to those of tertiary uveitis centers than secondary care eye clinics.…”

HLA B27 as Predisposition Factor to Suffer Age Related Macular Degeneration

“…On the other hand, the mentioned study is of an English population and therefore different from the group we studied, which was a Mediterranean population of the south of Spain (29)(30)(31). However, great numbers of studies that associate HLA-B27 with different pathologies do exist (32)(33)(34), such as spondyloarthropathies (mainly the ankylosing spondylitis). A powerful association between HLA-B27 and anterior uveitis has also been well described, given the relation between this molecule and certain rheumatic diseases.…”

Comparison of time-domain, spectral-domain and swept-source OCT in evaluating aqueous cells in vitro

“…The average diameter of latex microsphere was only 3 μm (Li et al, 2013). The cells in the anterior chamber in uveitis patients are mainly neutrophilis, lymphocytes, macrophages and monocytes (Chang et al, 2005;Rao, 2007). The average diameter of neutrophils ranges from 12 to 15 μm.…”