Acute and long-term metabolic consequences of early developmental Bisphenol A exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Metabolic Consequences of Developmental Exposure to Polystyrene Nanoplastics, the Flame Retardant BDE-47 and Their Combination in Zebrafish

“…Multiple cohorts were exposed to obtain necessary sample numbers for three replicate assays for each organismal endpoint measured during the exposure period ( Figure 1 ). Sample sizes were determined a priori based on previous studies reporting metabolic disruption following developmental contaminant exposures in zebrafish larvae in our lab ( Tu et al, 2019 ; Martínez et al, 2020 ). To avoid contamination or contaminant transfer between cohorts, a three-step treatment process was used.…”

“…Body length and lateral surface area of eleutheroembryos (5 dpf) were quantified by an investigator blind to the treatment groups on ImageJ using images captured with a stereomicroscope (Nikon SMZ 1500) and the Lumenera Infinity 2 camera and Infinity Capture software (Teledyne Lumenera, Ottawa, ON, Canada) as previously described ( Martínez et al, 2020 ). A subset of the same specimens was subsequently used to assess myofilament organization using a birefringence assay as previously described ( Berger et al, 2012 ; Smith et al, 2013 ; Martínez et al, 2020 ).…”

“…Capture software (Teledyne Lumenera, Ottawa, ON, Canada) as previously described (Martínez et al, 2020). A subset of the same specimens was subsequently used to assess myofilament organization using a birefringence assay as previously described (Berger et al, 2012;Smith et al, 2013;Martínez et al, 2020).…”

“…Reactions were monitored for single product by generating dissociation curves following each run. The specificity of reactions had previously been confirmed by sequencing (Tu et al, 2019;Martínez et al, 2020). Gene expression was normalized using the NORMAgene approach (Heckmann et al, 2011) and expressed as fold-change of control group values.…”

Emerging concepts and opportunities for endocrine disruptor screening of the non-EATS modalities

“…In the case of BPA (0.1–4 mg/L), results showed its effects were beyond their well-known estrogenicity, showing complex patterns of toxic effects that included visual disruption and obesogenic effects as evident from the appearance of yolk sac malabsorption syndrome and lipid and metabolism disruption at the transcriptomic and metabolomic level ( Martínez et al, 2019a ; Ortiz-Villanueva et al, 2017 ). Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain these observed effects on lipid metabolism, which could differ along the different lipid classes ( Martínez et al, 2020a ), but also disruption in some energetic metabolic processes seemed to be maintained during part of the life cycle ( Martínez et al, 2020b ). On the other hand, TBT alteration of the yolk sac area was partially attributed to developmental disruption, since TBT exposures (1–32 mg/L) caused a general developmental delay (diapause-arrest effect) which affected steroids and cell cycle metabolic pathways ( Martínez et al, 2020c ).…”