Acute and long-term effects of exposure to sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) in sheep

Abstract

Acute and long-term effects of a single, relative lyhigh oral dose (0.25a nd 0.30 mg/kg) of sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) on the survival and productivity of sheep were evaluated to establish a better understanding of 1080 poisoning and identify more specific changes diagnostic of toxicosis. In survivors, clinical signs of acute 1080 toxicosis such as salivation and lethar gywere generally very mild. Fasted animals were more prone to 1080 toxicity. In animals that died, more severe signs, including tachypnoea, dyspnoea, and tremors occurred for 15-20 min prior to death. 1080 concentrations were highest in the blood> heart> skeletal muscle> liver. 1080 could not be detected in any of these organs of the animals that survived. Serum citratec oncentratione were elevated for 4 days after dosing. No clinical or biochemical abnormalities were found in any animal after 4 days. Histopathological lesions were most marked in the heart and lung with inflammation, necrosis, and scattered foci of fibrous tissue in the myocardium, pulmonary oedema and inflammation of the lung. No adverse longterm effects on general health or reproductive performance were observed in any sheep that survived the first 4 days following exposure to 1080. The most reliable diagnostic in dicators of 1080 exposure in sheep were measurement of its residues in blood, skeletal muscle and ruminal contents, increased serum citratec oncentratione; l evated heart rate,and characteristic electrocardiograpchh anges(up to 4 days after exposure). Death from 1080 is most likely to occur within 96 h, and animals that survived this period appeared normal.

The cardiopulmonary effects of sodium fluoroacetate (1080) in Sprague-Dawley rats

“…The decrease in body weight experienced in both the exposed male and female rats over 24 h (8.94% decrease in males and 6.74% decrease in females) is only expected to contribute to a small portion of the reduction in TV (Stahl, 1967), with the toxic effects of 1080 playing the major factor. The depression of respiratory function correlates with lung hemorrhage observed in both male and female rats administered 1080, which is in agreement with other reports of animals and humans with lung insults following 1080 intoxication (Brockmann, McDowell, & Leeds, 1955;Goh, Hodgson, Fearnside, Heller, & Malikides, 2005, Gooneratne et al, 2008, Harrisson et al, 1952Schultz, Coetzer, Kellerman, & Naudé, 1982).…”

Opposition to aerial 1080 poisoning for control of invasive mammals in New Zealand: risk perceptions and agency responses

“…Sub-lethal doses of 1080 are metabolized and excreted by mammals within 8Á 24 h (e.g. rabbits, possums, sheep, goats, mice) with few, if any, long-term effects (Mead et al 1979;Eason et al 1994a;Gooneratne et al 1994Gooneratne et al , 2008. 1080 is not detected in their tissues after about 7 days (Eason et al1994b).…”

Costs and benefits of aerial 1080 operations to Western weka (Gallirallus australis australis)

“…This study showed that although 1080 residues were quickly excreted in live mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), histopathological abnormalities sometimes occurred, particularly in heart and skeletal muscle tissue. Single dose studies on sheep (Ovis aries) also showed effects on heart, brain and lung tissue, but were without clinical significance (O'Connor et al 1999;Gooneratne et al 2008). Weka might also suffer tissue damage from a sublethal dose of 1080, although how this would affect their long-term health is unknown.…”