Acúmulo de nutrientes no colmo de cana-de-açúcar em função de fontes e doses de manganês

Abstract

ResumoA baixa produtividade dos canaviais em algumas áreas pode estar relacionada a exigência e exportação da cultura da cana-de-açúcar. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de cinco doses e três fontes de manganês aplicadas no sulco de plantio na cultura da cana-de-açúcar em cana planta e seu efeito residual em cana soca. O experimento foi conduzido no sítio Fujimoto, área administrada pela Destilaria Vale do Paraná S/A Álcool e Açúcar, no município de Suzanápolis -SP. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso arranjado em esquema fatorial 5x3, sendo cinco doses de manganês (0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0 kg ha -1 ) e três fontes (sulfato de manganês, quelato e FTE BR 12), aplicadas no sulco de plantio, com 4 repetições. As parcelas foram constituídas por 4 linhas de 5 m de comprimento, espaçadas por 1,5 m. A variedade utilizada foi a RB 86-7515. Foi avaliado o acúmulo de macro e micronutrientes nos colmos, matéria seca de colmos e produtividade de colmos. As fontes e doses de manganês influenciaram no acúmulo de macro e micronutrientes e na matéria seca de colmo em cana planta e cana soca. A produtividade de colmos não foi influenciada pelas doses e fontes manganês em nenhum dos cultivos. Palavras-chave: Saccharum spp., extração, produtividade AbstractThe low productivity of sugarcane crop in some areas can be correlated with the lack of nutrients due to cane sugar crop be a major exporter of nutrients. The objective this study was to evaluate the effect of five doses and three sources of manganese applied in the planting furrow in sugar cane plant and its residual effects on ratoon cane, in the northwest region of São Paulo. The experiment was conducted at the site Fujimoto, area administered by the Valley Distillery Parana S/A Sugar and Alcohol in Suzanápolis -SP. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a factorial scheme 5x3, with five doses of manganese (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 kg ha -1 ) and three sources (sulfate, chelate and FTE), applied at planting furrow in 4 repetitions. The plots consisted of four rows 5 m long, spaced by 1.5 m. The variety used was RB 86-7515. We assessed the accumulation of macro and micronutrients in stems, dry matter yield of stalks and stems. The sources and doses of manganese influenced the accumulation of macro and micronutrients and the dry stalks of sugar cane plant and ratoon cane. The stalk productivity was not affected by doses and sources of manganese in any crops.

Content, extraction and export of nutrients in sugarcane under salinity and leaching fraction

“…The values obtained for the export of nutrients depend on the conditions under which the plants are maintained. In the present study for all nutrients examined, export values were higher than those reported by Benett et al (2013), when studying the same cultivar (RB 867515) using five doses and three sources of manganese as treatments. These authors found maximum exports of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S of 99, 6.89, 86, 12.52, 12.11 and 11.9 kg ha -1 , respectively.…”

Nutritional Requirement of Sugarcane Cultivars

“…Plant-cane First ratoon Second ratoon Average about 30% lower than those obtained in the present study. Benett et al (2013) in a study conducted with RB867515 cultivated in a Red Ultisol obtained yields of stalks that varied from 90 to 104 t ha -1 , considering that the stems correspond to approximately 80% of the natural matter, biomass productivity estimation was approximately 130 t ha -1 . Silva et al (2017a) evaluated the growth of the variety RB967515 in the first three harvest cycles, and verified a productivity of 72, 63 and 67 t ha -1 for plant-cane, first and second ratoon, respectively, therefore inferior to those obtained in the present study.…”

“…The varieties were similar in the Ca requirement, and evidenced for the production of one ton of sugarcane a requirement of 0.53, 0.51 and 0.66 kg of Ca in the plant-cane cycles, first and second regrowth, respectively. After high potassium and nitrogen, calcium has been the macronutrient most accumulated by sugarcane (Franco et al, 2007;Zambrosi et al, 2012;Benett et al, 2013), its high demand stems from its structural role in which Ca 2+ binds to acidic groups of membrane lipids (phospho and sulfulipids) and to cross-links between pectins, particularly in the lamella medium recently dividing cells; and its signaling role, in which Ca 2+ acts as a secondary messenger that initiates the plant responses to environmental stimulation. Also as a secondary messenger, Ca 2+ can bind to calmodulin, a protein found in the plant cell cytosol.…”

Nutrient Contents in Sugarcane Biomass in the First Regrowth Cycle

“…Various studies have shown that P the macronutrient least required by sugarcane (Benett et al, 2013;Rossato et al, 2016), although it is one of the elements that has most limited the cultivation of sugarcane in the tropics (Caione et al, 2013;Sousa et al, 2013;Simões Neto et al, 2015;Albuquerque et al, 2016). This fact is associated to the complex phosphorus dynamics in tropical soils, where there is predominance of 1:1 clays and iron and aluminum oxyhydroxides, which have high P adsorption capacity, promoting P fixation and reducing the efficiency of phosphate fertilization (Sanchez & Uehara, 1980).…”