Activities of conjugating and antioxidant enzymes following endotoxin exposure

Abstract

Endotoxin exposure elicits various responses in mammals including the acute phase response that has been shown to cause changes in the activity of several forms of cytochrome P450s and other enzymes. Therefore, the hepatic conjugating enzyme, glutathione S‐transferase (GST), and UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT), the antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as lipid peroxidation were investigated following the administration of endotoxin to male Sprague–Dawley rats (8 mg/kg body weight). Rats were euthanized at various times following endotoxin administration and the livers removed and processed to assess various enzyme activities. Glutathione S‐transferase, UDPGT, and GSHPx activity showed statistically significant decreases after 24 hours and remained lower than controls for the duration of the study. Decreases in total SOD and catalase activities were seen at 24, 48, and 72 hours following endotoxin administration; however, only catalase activity showed statistically significant differences between control and treated samples at those time points, and total SOD activity showed a statistically significant decrease at 24 hours. No statistically significant changes were seen in the level of lipid peroxidation in the liver microsomes from endotoxin‐treated animals. Changes in the conjugative enzymes and the free‐radical scavenging enzymes following endotoxin exposure may alter the host's metabolism and response to free radicals. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biochem Toxicol 13: 63–69, 1999

Sodium butyrate improves antioxidant stability in sub-acute ruminal acidosis in dairy goats

“…Conversely, in goats fed the HG diet, we observed lower activity of antioxidant enzymes, including SOD and CAT, in both liver and plasma and lower activity of GPx in the liver, which corresponded to lower levels of mRNA. These results are in accordance with evidence previously reported by Watson et al, who studied the activities of conjugating and antioxidant enzymes following endotoxin exposure in male Sprague Dawley rats and concluded that total SOD activity and CAT and GPx activity were decreased at different time points following endotoxin administration [ 48 ].…”

Antioxidant Effects of Cranberry Powder in Lipopolysaccharide Treated Hypercholesterolemic Rats

“…Wang et al (36) also observed that renal SOD mRNA and protein expression were decreased by LPS treatment in mice. Furthermore, Watson et al (32) reported a decrease in hepatic total SOD and catalase activities when rats were given LPS injections, providing further support for the thought that LPS exposure induces changes in the host’s response to ROS. Similarly, in the current study, LPS injection resulted in a 36% and a 19% reduction of cytosolic catalase and serum SOD activities, respectively.…”

Thiamine Alleviates High-Concentrate-Diet-Induced Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Protects the Rumen Epithelial Barrier Function in Goats

“…Abaker et al ( 61 ) demonstrated that a high-concentrate diet caused low levels of GPX and T-AOC and high levels of MDA in plasma. Watson et al ( 26 ) proved the decreased SOD and GPX activities in male rats following endotoxin administration. Sokołowska et al ( 62 ) also discovered that LPS induced oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction in the rat striatum.…”