Activation Analysis by Absolute Gamma Ray Counting and Direct Calculation of Weights from Nuclear Constants.

The k0 method is a highly successful standardization method developed for Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA), later also introduced in Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA). After the careful calibration of the irradiation and counting facilities, the k0 method makes the use of elemental standards unnecessary. Masses of the components are determined relative to the flux monitor, or, in the case of PGAA, to other known components of the sample. The development of the method is summarized in this review together with the description of methods implemented at different laboratories. The activities carried out in the laboratories of the authors are described as examples for the successful implementation of the k0 approach to activation analysis.

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“…It was very convenient to continue using these k factors as long as the conditions did not change [11].…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the k₀method in neutron activation analysis and in prompt gamma activation analysis

Révay

Kennedy

2012

Radiochimica Acta

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“…The application of this method goes back about 50 years to Boyd [3]. The first systematic methodological investigation was reported by Girardi et al [4], still in the time of the scintillation detectors, followed by some new developments [5][6][7]. Considerations concerning the relationship between the mass of an element and the measured signal in our case (the peak area in the yspectrum) are based primarily on the reaction rate of an (n, y) reaction taking place in a thermal nuclear reactor.…”

Section: Sensitivity Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron activation analysis of an Egyptian monazite ore sample

et al. 1999

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The absolute sensitivity of a gamma-ray line following thermal or epithermal neutron activation is expressed as a product of four terms, namely, the intrinsic, irradiation, decay and measurement factors. The total absolute sensitivity is the sum of the absolute sensitivities due to thermal and epithermal activation. A FORTRAN computer program was prepared on the TANDY 3000 NL PCA to calculate the total absolute sensitivity of the intensive gamma-ray lines from the thermal and epithermal neutron activation of all the naturally occurring nuclides. Another program was prepared for the determination of the total absolute sensitivity for gammarays emitted by radioactive daughters such as 233pa from 233Th and 239Np from 239U. Long time irradiation periods (about 48 hours) for specimens of the monazite ore sample were carried out at the (ET-RR-1) reactor core periphery. The monazite ore sample was separated from the associating minerals in the sand of Abou-Khashaba of Rashied (Rosetta) area on the Mediterranean (North of Egypt). The separated monazite ore sample was provided by the Nuclear Material Authority of Egypt. The cadmium difference method was applied to thin gold foils for absolute thermal and epithermal neutron flux determination. The gamma-ray spectra were measured using a spectrometer with a HPGe coaxial detector. The evaluated absolute sensitivity tables were helpful in identifying the radioisotopes contributing to the gamma-ray spectra and in evaluating the elemental concentration of the monazite constituents. Most of the rare earth elements were observed and their concentrations are reported. La, Ce, Nd, Sm and Th were found as major elements,U, Tb, Hf and Eu as minor elements.

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“…This produces a significant error in thermal neutron activation o values if the cadmium ratio is less than 50 (29,30). Girardi et al (31,32) have shown that the nuclear constants involved are usually sufficiently well known to allow many elements to be determined absolutely with an accuracy of less than 10 percent.…”

Section: Sf = 1 --(6) 2nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron activation analysis for osmium and ruthenium in platinum

Payton

Martin

1972

J. Radioanal. Chem.

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Activation Analysis by Absolute Gamma Ray Counting and Direct Calculation of Weights from Nuclear Constants.

Cited by 49 publications

References 8 publications

Application of the k₀method in neutron activation analysis and in prompt gamma activation analysis

Application of the k₀method in neutron activation analysis and in prompt gamma activation analysis

Neutron activation analysis of an Egyptian monazite ore sample

Neutron activation analysis for osmium and ruthenium in platinum

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Activation Analysis by Absolute Gamma Ray Counting and Direct Calculation of Weights from Nuclear Constants.

Cited by 49 publications

References 8 publications

Application of the k0method in neutron activation analysis and in prompt gamma activation analysis

Application of the k0method in neutron activation analysis and in prompt gamma activation analysis

Neutron activation analysis of an Egyptian monazite ore sample

Neutron activation analysis for osmium and ruthenium in platinum

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Application of the k₀method in neutron activation analysis and in prompt gamma activation analysis

Application of the k₀method in neutron activation analysis and in prompt gamma activation analysis