“…The biologically inspired biocomposites of collagen and calcium orthophosphates (mainly, apatites) for bone substitute have a long history [29,364,499,[597][598][599][600][601][602][603][604][605][606][607][608][609][610][611][612][613][614][615] and started from the pioneering study by Mittelmeier and Nizard [616], who mixed calcium orthophosphate granules with a collagen web. Such combinations were found to be bioactive, osteoconductive, osteoinductive [29,585,[617][618][619] and, in general, artificial grafts manufactured from this type of the biocomposites are likely to behave similarly to bones and be of more use in surgery than those prepared from any other materials. Indeed, some data are available on the superiority of calcium orthophosphate/collagen biocomposite scaffolds over the artificial polymeric and calcium orthophosphate bioceramic scaffolds individually [620].…”