2015
DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.05.013
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Abstract: During CNS development, oligodendrocytes wrap their plasma membrane around axons to generate multilamellar myelin sheaths. To drive growth at the leading edge of myelin at the interface with the axon, mechanical forces are necessary, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. Using an interdisciplinary approach that combines morphological, genetic, and biophysical analyses, we identified a key role for actin filament network turnover in myelin growth. At the onset of myelin biogenesis, F-actin is redistribut… Show more

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Cited by 183 publications
(233 citation statements)
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“…At the same time, it has been shown that the glial cytoskeleton undergoes severe rearrangements during the ensheathment process and, in particular, that F-actin disassembly is a critical step at this stage (10,11). Despite the periodic organization in myelinating precursors (5, 6), betaII spectrin is not present at myelin loops, whereas ankyrin B is still expressed and seems to be the main component of the subcortical cytoskeleton.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…At the same time, it has been shown that the glial cytoskeleton undergoes severe rearrangements during the ensheathment process and, in particular, that F-actin disassembly is a critical step at this stage (10,11). Despite the periodic organization in myelinating precursors (5, 6), betaII spectrin is not present at myelin loops, whereas ankyrin B is still expressed and seems to be the main component of the subcortical cytoskeleton.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Indeed, its periodic character was revealed also in oligodendrocyte precursors (5) and in Schwann cells (6). During axon ensheathment, cytoskeletal rearrangements-and actin disassembly in particular-constitute a fundamental process (10,11). Altogether, these observations raise questions as to the relation and the possible reciprocal influence between the axonal and glial cytoskeletal lattices, especially at paranodes, which are the regions flanking the nodal gaps.…”
mentioning
confidence: 96%
“…Newly generated myelin layers were found to be deposited by continuous spiraling of the innermost "tongue" of the myelin around the axon, with simultaneous lateral myelin spread along the axonal length (15). This process is dependent on dynamic changes in actin assembly (16,17). One of the main proteins expressed in the myelin, myelin basic protein (MBP), drives myelin actin disassembly and myelin compaction (16,18), whereas another oligodendrocyte protein, 2′,3′-cyclic-nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase (CNPase), counteracts the myelin compaction by promoting actin assembly (19).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Myelination has been studied in earnest for half a century, but the geometry of the wrapping and the cellular (cytoskeletal) mechanisms driving these morphology changes were only recently elucidated (Snaidero and Simons, 2014;Nawaz et al, 2015;Zuchero et al, 2015). Combined with quantitative gene expression data from multiple stages of myelination (Zhang et al, 2014) and numerous gene knockouts affecting myelination, the stage is set to fully unravel the cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive myelination during development, and to understand why remyelination often fails in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS; Franklin and Goldman, 2015).…”
Section: Mechanism and Novel Roles Of Myelinationmentioning
confidence: 99%