Acromegaly and the thyroid gland

Lewiński, Andrzej; Marcinkowska, Magdalena

doi:10.1186/1756-6614-8-s1-a20

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In addition, the pineal hormone melatonin was reported to inhibit thyroid growth and function (Lewinski and Karbownik, 2002). It may affect thyroid directly, via melatonin receptor 1 signaling (Garc ıa-Mar ın et al, 2012) or indirectly, by affecting hypothalamus-pituitary regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and functional changes in pituitary‐thyroid axis following prolonged exposure of female rats to constant light

Miler

Šošić‐Jurjević

Nestorović

et al. 2014

Journal of Morphology

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Light regulates numerous physiological functions and synchronizes them with the environment, in part by adjusting secretion of different hormones. We hypothesized that constant light (CL) would disturb pituitary-thyroid axis. Our aim was to determine morphological and functional changes in this endocrine system in such extreme conditions and, based on the obtained results, to propose the underlying mechanism(s). Starting from the thirtieth postnatal day, female Wistar rats were exposed to CL (600 lx) for the following 95 days. The controls were maintained under the regular laboratory lighting conditions. After decapitation, pituitaries and thyroids were prepared for further histomorphometric, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence examinations. Concentration of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total T4 and T3 (TH) were determined. Thyroid tissue of light-treated rats was characterized by microfollicular structure. We detected no change in total thyroid volume, localization and accumulation of thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, and sodium-iodide symporter in the follicular epithelium of CL rats. The volume of follicular epithelium and activation index were increased, while volume of the colloid and serum levels of TH decreased. In the pituitary, the relative intensity of TSH β-immunofluorescence signal within the cytoplasm of thyrotrophs increased, but their average cell volume and the relative volume density decreased. Serum TSH was unaltered. We conclude that exposure of female rats to CL induced alterations in pituitary-thyroid axis. Thyroid tissue was characterized by microfollicular structure. Serum TH levels were reduced without accompanying increase in serum TSH. We hypothesize that increased secretion and clearance of TH together with unchanged or even decreased hormonal synthesis, resulted in decreased serum TH levels in CL group. We assume this decrease consequently led to increased synthesis and/or accumulation of pituitary TSH. However, decreased average TSH cell volume and relative volume density, together with unchanged serum TSH, point to additional, negative regulation of thyrotrophs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and functional changes in pituitary‐thyroid axis following prolonged exposure of female rats to constant light

Miler

Šošić‐Jurjević

Nestorović

et al. 2014

Journal of Morphology

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“…IGF-1 elevated levels seem to be responsible for cancer risk. It is recalled that IGF-1 is amitogenic, anti-apoptotic and angiogenesis-promoting factor (15) . Many studies have demonstrated that hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria and meld hypophosphatemia in acromegaly are a result of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3synthesis (6) , further studies reported vitamin D deficiency in acromegalic patients (8) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying the impact of vitamin D deficiency in Iraqi acromegalic patients and its relation with some biochemical parameters

Abdullah¹,

Mohaisn²,

Nsaif³

et al. 2020

ATMPH

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Acromegaly is described as a less common chronic disease occursas a result ofover secretion of growth hormone (GH) often from a pituitary adenoma; it is connected to noticeable morbidity and increased mortality. Our study aimed to determine calcium (Ca) and vitamin D status inacromegalic patients regarding disease activity and estimating the relationship between vitamin D, IGF-1 and some biochemical parameters. Correlations of vitamin D with IGF-1, BMI, Ca, GOT, GPT, ALP, T3, T4, TSH, urea and creatinine were studied. The study groups comprise of 50 male, 25 acromegalic patients and 25 control male groups. The results of vitamin D measurements showed a decrease levels of vitamin D in all acromegalic patients and this revealed that patients with acromegaly have a high significant decrease (p < 0.001) of BMI, IGF-1, vitamin D, Ca, GOT and creatinine compared to control group, while significant increase for GPT, ALP, T3, T4 and urea for patients with acromegaly. However, the results showed a highly positive significant association between vitamin D and BMI, IGF-1, urea, creatinine and T4 levels, whereas demonstrated a highly significant positivecorrelation of vitamin D levels with GOT and ALP, also the results showed non-significant difference between vitamin D, Ca and T3 with a negative correlation with TSH also asignificant positive correlation between vitamin D and GPT appeared. We concluded that acromegalic patients were suffering from low vitamin D levels compared to the controls group and also suffering from lower kidney activity (hydroxylation at the position of 25-OH-D3 site) and this is evident from the high creatinine levels in the blood, which leads to the non-activation and even low levels of vitamin D and therefore acromemglic patients will suffer from vitamin D deficiency high risk thus the treatment procedures for acromegaly should include doses of active vitamin D, which reduces the risk of this deficiency.

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“…Normal circulating levels of TSH in spite of low serum thyroid hormone levels in aged rats have also been reported by many investigators [40][41][42] . Development of aging is associated with alteration of number of morphological and functional changes of thyroid gland [43][44][45] . Moreover, aging also causes the declining of the melatonin hormone which is well known for maintenance of immune function, contributing to the onset of the immunosenescence and age-related diseases 46 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin Receptor (Mt1 and Mt2) Proteins Expression in Thyroid Gland and Level of Thyroxin (T4), Thyrotropin (Tsh) Hormone During Progression of Age in Male Swiss Albino Mice

Laskar¹,

Singh²

2015

J Biol Sci Opin

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Advancement of age is related with a progressive declining in most of the physiological activities. The activity of thyroid gland is also disturbed with increment of age in the organism. Melatonin regulates most of the physiological activities through its membrane bound MT1 and MT2 receptors in mammals. Melatonin receptors were localized on thyroid gland but their abundance on thyroid gland along with progression of age was unknown. In present study we investigated the age related changes in serum T4, TSH level and the abundance of melatonin receptor (MT1 and MT2) proteins in thyroid gland following the immunohistochemical study and western blot analysis. Decreased serum T4 level was noted in aged mice whereas serum TSH level was remained unchanged. Both MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptor proteins abundance was decreased with advancement of age in mice. Our present study may suggest that aging modulates the responsiveness of thyroid gland to melatonin through modulation of melatonin receptor (MT1 and MT2) proteins on thyroid gland. Further, this modulation may be responsible for contribution in the declining of physiological status of the thyroid in the organism.

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Acromegaly and the thyroid gland

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Morphological and functional changes in pituitary‐thyroid axis following prolonged exposure of female rats to constant light

Morphological and functional changes in pituitary‐thyroid axis following prolonged exposure of female rats to constant light

Studying the impact of vitamin D deficiency in Iraqi acromegalic patients and its relation with some biochemical parameters

Melatonin Receptor (Mt1 and Mt2) Proteins Expression in Thyroid Gland and Level of Thyroxin (T4), Thyrotropin (Tsh) Hormone During Progression of Age in Male Swiss Albino Mice

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