Acoustic Cavitation as a Novel Approach for Extraction of Oil from Waste Date Seeds

Abstract

This work deals with the extraction of date seed oil using an acoustic cavitation. The process parameters such as sonication (extraction) time, power dissipation, operating temperature and solvent to date seed ratio have been optimized on the basis of extracted oil yield. The obtained results have been compared with the frequently used extraction methods (such as maceration and Soxhlet extraction method).The highest extraction efficiency was found at solvent (hexane) to seed ratio of 5, applied rated power of 30 % of 750 W (actual dissipated power is 2.98 W), ultrasound treatment time of 45 min, at a temperature of 20 0 C. It was observed that, as ultrasonic power dissipation increases, the oil extraction yield of also increases and decline with an increase in temperature. This results attributed to only physical effects of cavitation occur onto the surface of the date seeds which enhance the permeability of solvent into the plant tissues due to the formation of crack, crevices and micro fractures onto seed surface. A comparison of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images of fresh date seed and ultrasonically treated date seed indicated the development of crack, crevices and micro fractures onto seed surface of date seed which results the cell walls disruption. However, the cavitation assisted oil extraction has reduced environmental impact and less time and energy intensive process as it was performed at room temperature.

Optimized ultrasonic‐assisted extraction of papaya seed oil from Hainan/Eksotika variety

“…The optimal extraction performance could be obtained when ultrasonic power was 249.59 W, extraction time was 20.34 min, and solvent–sample ratio was set to 16.22:1 (v/w) (Fig. S1), which is in well consistence with the results of others using the response surface (Jadhav, Holkar, Goswami, Pandit, & Pinjari, ; Li, Lu, et al, ; Li, Qu, Zhang, & Wang, ). In view of the actual operation, ultrasonic power was set to 250 W, extraction time was set to 20 min, and solvent–sample ratio was set to 16:1, respectively.…”

Optimization of ultrasound‐assisted enzymatic extraction of walnut kernel oil using response surface methodology

“…It was described that cellulase enzyme treatment is effective in rupturing the cellulose substrate of the cell walls making the oil glands more disposed to extraction process (Baby & Ranganathan, 2016). In addition, it was reported that the collapse of the cavities (bubbles) produced by ultrasonic pretreatment leads to a forceful shockwave and high-speed jet, which results in the creation of crevices, cracks, and micro-fractures (Jadhav, Holkar, Goswami, Pandit, & Pinjari, 2016).…”

Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds

“…These shock waves would subsequently strike the seed's surface, which broke the stagnant layer and created cracks, crevices, and microfractures. At the same time, impingement by high‐speed jets resulted in surface peeling, erosion and particle breakdown …”

“…For these reasons, the solvent (methanol and hexane) can easily penetrate the plant's cell wall, diffuse through the seed, accelerate the intracellular products (i.e. oil bodies) with solvent and permit intracellular products release into the solvent . Towards the end of the reaction, extraction efficiencies of 86.36% and 83.96% were found to be the highest and second highest extraction efficiencies at 50% and 60% amplitudes, respectively.…”