Aclarubicin (aclacinomycin A) in the treatment of relapsing acute leukaemias

Refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia: Response to aclacinomycin a and VP‐16‐213

“…In spite of original optimistic reports, more recent clinical trials have reported acute cardiotoxicity with arrhythmias in 10 per cent of patients (Pedersen-Bjergaard et al, 1984;Yamada et a/., 1980;Mitrou et al, 1985). In the entire AML and ALL study population (47 patients), while no cardiac study was formally undertaken, the patients were closely observed; two had lifethreatening cardiac arrhythmias, from which they both fully recovered, and one had a fatal outcome.…”

Refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia: Response to aclacinomycin a and VP‐16‐213

“…In spite of original optimistic reports, more recent clinical trials have reported acute cardiotoxicity with arrhythmias in 10 per cent of patients (Pedersen-Bjergaard et al, 1984;Yamada et a/., 1980;Mitrou et al, 1985). In the entire AML and ALL study population (47 patients), while no cardiac study was formally undertaken, the patients were closely observed; two had lifethreatening cardiac arrhythmias, from which they both fully recovered, and one had a fatal outcome.…”

Combination of aclarubicin and etoposide for the treatment of advanced acute myeloid leukemia: results of a prospective multicenter phase II trial

“…However, due to the relatively short duration of critical neutropenia (median 27 days) the rate of ED (22%) was in the range of other secondline therapies. 3,4 Both aclarubicin [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and etoposide 10,11 have been applied as single agents to patients with newly diagnosed or previously treated AML, leading to remission rates of 13-43% and 10-25%, respectively. Combinations of aclarubicin with either standard-dose cytosine arabinoside and thioguanin, 27 low-dose cytosine arabinoside 28,29 or BHAC, mercaptopurin and prednisone 30 yielded similar results.…”

“…Supporting the value of aclarubicin in the treatment of AML preliminary evaluations of the drug as part of first-line therapies revealed that it is at least equally effective as compared with daunorubicin. 32,33 Following initial reports on aclarubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, which included QTc prolongation leading to ventricular fibrillation 34 as well as evidence of acute 25 and chronic 24 heart failure, subsequent studies demonstrated a good tolerability of the substance with only limited changes of ECG 26 and modest impairments of left ventricular ejection fraction. 35 Accordingly, in no case in the current trial was specific ECG changes, overt heart failure or an impairment of the left ventricular ejection fraction observed.…”

Preparation of aclarubicin PLGA nanospheres and related in vitro/in vivo studies

“…Its chemical name is 2‐Ethyl‐1,2,3,4,6,11‐hexahydro‐2,5,7‐trihydroxy‐6,11‐dioxo‐4‐[[2,3,6‐trideoxy‐4‐O‐[2,6‐dideoxy‐4‐ O‐[2‐trans‐tetrahydro‐6‐methyl‐5‐oxo‐2H‐pyran‐2‐yl]‐A‐L‐lyxo‐hexopyranosyl‐3‐[dimethylamino]‐A‐L‐lyxo‐hexopyranosyl]oxy]‐,methylester,[1‐R‐[1alpha,2beta, 4beta]]‐1‐naphthacenecarboxylic acid 2. Aclarubicin exhibits strong anti‐tumor activity against leukemia,3 ascites carcinoma,4 lung cancer,5 and breast cancer,6 and it also has therapeutic effects on lymphoma7 and thyroid cancer 8. Aclarubicin in vivo interacts with the heterogeneous topology enzyme (II), and this inhibits the cell cycle progression of cancer cells at the G1 phase.…”

Refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia: Response to aclacinomycin a and VP‐16‐213

“…In spite of original optimistic reports, more recent clinical trials have reported acute cardiotoxicity with arrhythmias in 10 per cent of patients (Pedersen-Bjergaard et al, 1984;Yamada et a/., 1980;Mitrou et al, 1985). In the entire AML and ALL study population (47 patients), while no cardiac study was formally undertaken, the patients were closely observed; two had lifethreatening cardiac arrhythmias, from which they both fully recovered, and one had a fatal outcome.…”

Combination of aclarubicin and etoposide for the treatment of advanced acute myeloid leukemia: results of a prospective multicenter phase II trial

“…However, due to the relatively short duration of critical neutropenia (median 27 days) the rate of ED (22%) was in the range of other secondline therapies. 3,4 Both aclarubicin [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and etoposide 10,11 have been applied as single agents to patients with newly diagnosed or previously treated AML, leading to remission rates of 13-43% and 10-25%, respectively. Combinations of aclarubicin with either standard-dose cytosine arabinoside and thioguanin, 27 low-dose cytosine arabinoside 28,29 or BHAC, mercaptopurin and prednisone 30 yielded similar results.…”

“…Supporting the value of aclarubicin in the treatment of AML preliminary evaluations of the drug as part of first-line therapies revealed that it is at least equally effective as compared with daunorubicin. 32,33 Following initial reports on aclarubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, which included QTc prolongation leading to ventricular fibrillation 34 as well as evidence of acute 25 and chronic 24 heart failure, subsequent studies demonstrated a good tolerability of the substance with only limited changes of ECG 26 and modest impairments of left ventricular ejection fraction. 35 Accordingly, in no case in the current trial was specific ECG changes, overt heart failure or an impairment of the left ventricular ejection fraction observed.…”

Preparation of aclarubicin PLGA nanospheres and related in vitro/in vivo studies

“…Its chemical name is 2‐Ethyl‐1,2,3,4,6,11‐hexahydro‐2,5,7‐trihydroxy‐6,11‐dioxo‐4‐[[2,3,6‐trideoxy‐4‐O‐[2,6‐dideoxy‐4‐ O‐[2‐trans‐tetrahydro‐6‐methyl‐5‐oxo‐2H‐pyran‐2‐yl]‐A‐L‐lyxo‐hexopyranosyl‐3‐[dimethylamino]‐A‐L‐lyxo‐hexopyranosyl]oxy]‐,methylester,[1‐R‐[1alpha,2beta, 4beta]]‐1‐naphthacenecarboxylic acid 2. Aclarubicin exhibits strong anti‐tumor activity against leukemia,3 ascites carcinoma,4 lung cancer,5 and breast cancer,6 and it also has therapeutic effects on lymphoma7 and thyroid cancer 8. Aclarubicin in vivo interacts with the heterogeneous topology enzyme (II), and this inhibits the cell cycle progression of cancer cells at the G1 phase.…”

Refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia: Response to aclacinomycin a and VP‐16‐213

“…In spite of original optimistic reports, more recent clinical trials have reported acute cardiotoxicity with arrhythmias in 10 per cent of patients (Pedersen-Bjergaard et al, 1984;Yamada et a/., 1980;Mitrou et al, 1985). In the entire AML and ALL study population (47 patients), while no cardiac study was formally undertaken, the patients were closely observed; two had lifethreatening cardiac arrhythmias, from which they both fully recovered, and one had a fatal outcome.…”

Combination of aclarubicin and etoposide for the treatment of advanced acute myeloid leukemia: results of a prospective multicenter phase II trial

“…However, due to the relatively short duration of critical neutropenia (median 27 days) the rate of ED (22%) was in the range of other secondline therapies. 3,4 Both aclarubicin [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and etoposide 10,11 have been applied as single agents to patients with newly diagnosed or previously treated AML, leading to remission rates of 13-43% and 10-25%, respectively. Combinations of aclarubicin with either standard-dose cytosine arabinoside and thioguanin, 27 low-dose cytosine arabinoside 28,29 or BHAC, mercaptopurin and prednisone 30 yielded similar results.…”

“…Supporting the value of aclarubicin in the treatment of AML preliminary evaluations of the drug as part of first-line therapies revealed that it is at least equally effective as compared with daunorubicin. 32,33 Following initial reports on aclarubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, which included QTc prolongation leading to ventricular fibrillation 34 as well as evidence of acute 25 and chronic 24 heart failure, subsequent studies demonstrated a good tolerability of the substance with only limited changes of ECG 26 and modest impairments of left ventricular ejection fraction. 35 Accordingly, in no case in the current trial was specific ECG changes, overt heart failure or an impairment of the left ventricular ejection fraction observed.…”

Preparation of aclarubicin PLGA nanospheres and related in vitro/in vivo studies

“…Its chemical name is 2‐Ethyl‐1,2,3,4,6,11‐hexahydro‐2,5,7‐trihydroxy‐6,11‐dioxo‐4‐[[2,3,6‐trideoxy‐4‐O‐[2,6‐dideoxy‐4‐ O‐[2‐trans‐tetrahydro‐6‐methyl‐5‐oxo‐2H‐pyran‐2‐yl]‐A‐L‐lyxo‐hexopyranosyl‐3‐[dimethylamino]‐A‐L‐lyxo‐hexopyranosyl]oxy]‐,methylester,[1‐R‐[1alpha,2beta, 4beta]]‐1‐naphthacenecarboxylic acid 2. Aclarubicin exhibits strong anti‐tumor activity against leukemia,3 ascites carcinoma,4 lung cancer,5 and breast cancer,6 and it also has therapeutic effects on lymphoma7 and thyroid cancer 8. Aclarubicin in vivo interacts with the heterogeneous topology enzyme (II), and this inhibits the cell cycle progression of cancer cells at the G1 phase.…”