Acetylcholinesterase‐Catalyzed Hydrolysis Allows Ultrasensitive Detection of Pathogens with the Naked Eye

Abstract

This paper describes a rapid diagnostic platform for pathogen detection based on the acetylcholinesterase-catalyzed hydrolysis reaction. Owing to the signal amplification strategies, the sensitivity of this assay is comparable to that of PCR. In addition, the readout of this assay is based on the color change of solutions, which can be easily observed by the naked eye alone.

Optical Nanoprobes for Ultrasensitive Immunoassay

“…For example, Chen's group developed a colorimetric assay with an ultrahigh sensitivity for pathogen detection based on an improved heterogeneous sandwich type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) through an acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-catalyzed hydrolysis reaction, as shown in Figure 2A. 38 In this study, the detection sensitivity was comparable to that of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a result of two rounds of amplification. First, detection antibodies (denoted as Ab2) were coated on the surface of magnetic beads (MBs) through conjugation between AChE and MBs.…”

Acoustic Sensing Based on Density Shift of Microspheres by Surface Binding of Gold Nanoparticles

“…Therefore, if they are aggregated as the result of a reaction with mediators, the mediators can be detected according to any color change, even with the naked eyes. 3 The detection of DNA and proteins has been performed using this phenomenon. The aggregation of metal NPs has also been applied to surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) [8][9][10] and light-scattering detection.…”

“…Metal NPs-such as gold NPs (AuNPs) and silver NPs-are most extensively employed because various sizes and shapes are available, their surface can be biologically or chemically modified in relatively simple ways, and they often exhibit characteristic colors originating from plasmon absorption. [2][3][4][5][6][7] AuNPs usually have a reddish color, and their absorption wavelength strongly depends on the particle size. Therefore, if they are aggregated as the result of a reaction with mediators, the mediators can be detected according to any color change, even with the naked eyes.…”

Solution-based nanosensors for in-field detection with the naked eye

“…1D). [23][24][25] A key factor for the development of complex sensing approaches is that these nanomaterials can be decorated with myriads of biomolecules, [26][27][28] nanoparticles show size-dependent emission properties that cover the whole visible spectrum. 44,45 Nanomaterials have been a true game changer in the field of solution-based sensing due to their easy functionalization, chemical reactivity and outstanding physical properties.…”

“…1D). [23][24][25] A key factor for the development of complex sensing approaches is that these nanomaterials can be decorated with myriads of biomolecules, [26][27][28] polymers 29 and macrocycles 30,31 that confer them specific recognition capabilities for the detection of a wide array of molecules. For example, nanoparticle aggregates linked by peptides can be used for the one-step detection of proteases when the protease activity triggers the dispersion of the nanoparticle collectives.…”