Accuracy of reporting food energy intake: influence of ethnicity and body weight status in South African women

Mchiza, Zandile June-Rose; Goedecke, Julia H.; Lambert, Estelle V.

doi:10.1080/16070658.2010.11734286

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…This seems to suggest that in South Africa BMI has an effect on BI distortion and dissatisfaction. Indeed, Mchiza et al [ 37 ] have shown that in South Africa BI concerns increase with an increase in BMI, with those individuals having higher BMI tending to underestimate their body size and being dissatisfied by it to a greater extent than those with lower BMI. However, the strength of the current findings is that BI concerns in South Africa were shown to worsen from individuals with normal (acceptable) BMI to individuals presenting with underweight and obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body image and weight control in South Africans 15 years or older: SANHANES-1

et al. 2015

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BackgroundSouth African studies have suggested that differences in obesity prevalence between groups may be partly related to differences in body image and body size dissatisfaction. However, there has never been a national study that measured body image and its relationship to weight control in the country. Hence, the main aim of the study was to examine body image in relation to body mass index and weight control in South Africa.MethodsA cross-sectional survey and a secondary analyses of data were undertaken for 6 411 South Africans (15+ years) participating in the first South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Body image was investigated in relation to weight status and attempts to lose or gain weight. Data were analysed using STATA version 11.0. Descriptive statistics are presented as counts (numbers), percentages, means, standard error of means, and 95 % confidence intervals. Any differences in values were considered to be significantly different if the confidence intervals did not overlap.ResultsOverall, 84.5 % participants had a largely distorted body image and 45.3 % were highly dissatisfied about their body size. Overweight and obese participants under estimated their body size and desired to be thinner. On the other hand, normal- and under-weight participants over estimated their body size and desired to be fatter. Only 12.1 and 10.1 % of participants attempted to lose or gain weight, respectively, mainly by adjusting dietary intake and physical activity.DiscussionBody mass index appears to influence body image and weight adjustment in South Africa.ConclusionsSouth Africans at the extreme ends of the body mass index range have a largely distorted body image and are highly dissatisfied by it. This suggests a need for health education and beneficial weight control strategies to halt the obesity epidemic in the country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body image and weight control in South Africans 15 years or older: SANHANES-1

et al. 2015

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“…The reason for this is unclear but inconsistent reporting (and use) of ethnically and culturally-informed assessment tools may have contributed to this [41]. Ethnically sensitive interventions consider dietary habits, food preparation, and cultural beliefs that are relevant to the study population to improve accuracy of dietary assessment [42,43], rather than a single FFQ used across multiple ethnic groups that can introduce bias and ethnic-specific differences under/over-reporting [44,45]. While many studies reported ethnically-modified approaches, some of the details regarding their modification and validity were unclear, particularly in randomised controlled trials where only 3 of 5 (60%) of studies in non-white European populations reported using a culturally validated questionnaire.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic-specific associations between dietary consumption and gestational diabetes mellitus incidence: A meta-analysis

Fuller

Moore

Iles

et al. 2022

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Globally, one in seven pregnant women are diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), conferring short- and long-term health risks to both mother and child. While dietary prevention strategies are common in clinical practice, their effectiveness in different ethnicities is uncertain. To better inform prevention strategies, here the effects of unhealthy and healthy diets on GDM risk within distinct ethnic or cultural populations and geographic regions were evaluated and summarised. Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane and OVID were systematically searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that investigated diet and GDM. A grouped analysis of common ‘healthy’ and ‘unhealthy’ diets was performed first, before analysing individual dietary patterns (e.g., prudent, Mediterranean). Random effect models and dose response analyses were performed where possible. PROSPERO (CRD42019140873). Thirty-eight publications provided information on 5 population groups: white European (WE), Asian, Iranian, Mediterranean and Australian. No associations were identified between healthy diets and GDM incidence in RCTs in any population. However, when synthesizing observational studies, healthy diets reduced odds of GDM by 23% (95% CI: 0.70–0.89, p<0.001, I2 = 75%), while unhealthy diets increased odds of GDM by 61% (95% CI: 1.41–1.81, p<0.0001, I2 = 0%) in WE women. No evidence of consistent effects in other populations were observed, even when adequately powered. Diet consistently associated with GDM risk in WEs but not in other populations. Heterogenous use and reporting of ethnically and culturally appropriate diets and dietary assessment tools, particularly in RCTs, raises uncertainty regarding the lack of association found in non-WE populations. Future studies require the use of culturally appropriate tools to confidently evaluate dietary and metabolic mediators of GDM and inform culturally-specific dietary prevention strategies.

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Accuracy of reporting food energy intake: influence of ethnicity and body weight status in South African women

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Body image and weight control in South Africans 15 years or older: SANHANES-1

Body image and weight control in South Africans 15 years or older: SANHANES-1

Ethnic-specific associations between dietary consumption and gestational diabetes mellitus incidence: A meta-analysis

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