Accuracy and determinants of perceived HIV risk among young women in South Africa

Maughan-Brown, Brendan; Venkataramani, Atheendar S.

doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4593-0

Cited by 67 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Regarding the evidence of validity based on the relationship with other variables, it was observed that the perceived susceptibility to HIV dimension partially explained the SRBs, as noted in previous research [15,39,40,[57][58][59][60]. The observed relationships between perceived susceptibility to HIV and SRBs were in the expected direction (i.e., protective factors), with the exception of the relationship with inappropriate use of protective barriers, which could be attributed to people who tend to not use condoms not perceiving themselves to be at higher risk of HIV infection.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 63%

Development and evidence of validity of the HIV risk perception scale for young adults in a Hispanic-American context

et al. 2020

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HIV/AIDS is a public health problem that is transmitted through risky sexual behavior. The literature suggests that the perception of HIV risk is a motivator for the prevention of risky sexual behaviors. There is no culturally adapted scale to assess HIV risk perception in the Hispanic-American population. The aim of this research was to develop a scale to assess HIV risk perception in Hispanic-American young adults. A cross-sectional instrumental design was used, with a sample of students from the Chilean city with the highest HIV rates. Participants (n = 524) were between 18 and 33 years old, of whom 51% were women, 84.4% said they were heterosexual and 43.7% said they had not been tested for HIV/AIDS. The final scale has 9 items and 2 dimensions: (1) perceived risk susceptibility and (2) perceived risk severity. The results showed that the identified structure provided adequate levels of reliability (ω > .8) and presented evidence of validity, based on the internal structure of the test (i.e., using ESEM) and on the relationship with other variables (i.e., the sexual risk behaviors scale). In addition, the results showed strong invariance between the scores for men and women. It is concluded that the HIV risk perception scale has adequate psychometric properties to assess HIV risk perception in equivalent samples.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 63%

Development and evidence of validity of the HIV risk perception scale for young adults in a Hispanic-American context

et al. 2020

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“…More specifically, we predict that those who are generally more concerned about COVID-19 are more likely to adhere to preventive measures as shown by previous studies, conducted in similar contexts (e.g. Chen, Fox, Cantrell, Stockdale, & Kagawa-Singer, 2007;Lau, Kim, Tsui, & Griffiths, 2007;Maughan-Brown & Venkataramani, 2018). Since it is scientific organizations and scientists who are often the source of both, prevention guidelines and messages informing the public about COVID-19 risks, those who trust science and scientists are more inclined to perceive COVID-19 as an actual risk and follow the risk-mitigating guidelines.…”

Section: Development Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 72%

Modeling compliance with COVID-19 prevention guidelines: The critical role of trust in science

Plohl¹,

Musil²

2020

Preprint

109

131

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The ongoing coronavirus pandemic is one of the biggest health crises of our time. In response to this global problem, various institutions around the world had soon issued evidence-based prevention guidelines. However, these guidelines, which were designed to slow the spread of COVID-19 and contribute to public well-being, are deliberately disregarded or ignored by some individuals. In the present study, we aimed to develop and test a multivariate model that could help us identify individual characteristics that make a person more/less likely to comply with COVID-19 prevention guidelines. A total of 617 participants took part in the online survey and answered several questions related to socio-demographic variables, political conservatism, religious orthodoxy, conspiracy ideation, intellectual curiosity, trust in science, COVID-19 risk perception and compliance with COVID-19 prevention guidelines. The results of structural equation modeling (SEM) show that COVID-19 risk perception and trust in science both independently predict compliance with COVID-19 prevention guidelines, while the remaining variables in the model (political conservatism, religious orthodoxy, conspiracy ideation and intellectual curiosity) do so via the mediating role of trust in science. The described model exhibited an acceptable fit (χ2(1611) = 2485.84, p < .001, CFI = .91, RMSEA = .032, SMR = .055). These findings thus provide empirical support for the proposed multivariate model and underline the importance of trust in science in explaining the different levels of compliance with COVID-19 prevention guidelines.

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“…Among the general population in Nigeria, the HIV stigma level has declined [13], however this is yet to be determined among young adolescents aged 10-14. Similarly on risk perceptions, some studies in Africa [14][15][16] have found perceived low and inaccurate reporting of HIV risks among adolescents. It is therefore beneficial to accurately understand why young adolescents perceive themselves to be at low risk in order to address misconceptions associated with their beliefs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV comprehensive knowledge and prevalence among young adolescents in Nigeria: evidence from Akwa Ibom AIDS indicator survey, 2017

Badru¹,

Mwaisaka

Khamofu³

et al. 2020

BMC Public Health

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Background: Despite the recent increase in HIV infections among adolescents, little is known about their HIV knowledge and perceptions. This study, therefore, sought to examine the factors associated with comprehensive HIV knowledge, stigma, and HIV risk perceptions among young adolescents aged 10-14 years in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Additionally, consenting parents and assenting young adolescents were tested for HIV. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the 2017 Akwa Ibom AIDS Indicator Survey to analyze comprehensive HIV knowledge, stigma, and HIV risk perceptions among young adolescents. Demographic characteristics of young adolescents were summarized using descriptive statistics. Chi-square test (or Fisher's exact test in cases of small subgroup sample sizes) was used to elicit associations between demographics and study outcomes. Separate multivariable logistic regression models were then conducted to determine associations with the study outcomes. Sampling weights were calculated in order to adjust for the sample design. P-values less than 0.05 were considered to be significant. Results: A total of 1818 young adolescents were interviewed. The survey highlighted significant low levels of comprehensive HIV knowledge (9.4%) among young adolescents. Adolescent-parent discussions [AOR = 2.19, 95% C.I (1.10-4.38), p = 0.03], schools as sources of HIV information [AOR = 8.06, 95% C.I (1.70-38.33), p < 0.001], and sexual activeness [AOR = 2.55, 95% C.I (1.16-5.60), p = 0.02] were associated with comprehensive HIV knowledge. Majority (93%) of young adolescents perceived themselves not to be at risk of HIV. Overall, 81.5% of young adolescents reported stigmatizing tendencies towards people living with HIV. HIV prevalence among young adolescents was 0.6%. Conclusions: Results indicate low comprehensive HIV knowledge among young adolescents. Our findings suggest that there is a need for increased attention towards young adolescents particularly in the provision of comprehensive, functional sexuality education, including HIV at the family-and school-levels. Consequently, age appropriate interventions are needed to address the epidemiological risks of young adolescents that are influenced by a myriad of social issues.

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Accuracy and determinants of perceived HIV risk among young women in South Africa

Cited by 67 publications

References 38 publications

Development and evidence of validity of the HIV risk perception scale for young adults in a Hispanic-American context

Development and evidence of validity of the HIV risk perception scale for young adults in a Hispanic-American context

Modeling compliance with COVID-19 prevention guidelines: The critical role of trust in science

HIV comprehensive knowledge and prevalence among young adolescents in Nigeria: evidence from Akwa Ibom AIDS indicator survey, 2017

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