Accidental death by air rifle

Lal, Rakesh; Subrahmanyam, B. V.

doi:10.1016/0300-9432(72)90020-9

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…These are easily available in an open market with fewer rules and regulations and also considered relatively safe. Although these have been found to have the potential to cause fatal and grievous injuries such as bone micro-fracture (Kieser et al 2013), and ocular injuries (Schein et al 1994) and even may cause death (Lal and Subrahmanyam 1972). It is evident from the literature that air guns (both rifle and pistol) are being used in illicit activities for a long period and in current time also (Burnt and Packey 1979;Harshey et al 2017;Morgan et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidential significance of multiple fracture patterns on the glass in forensic ballistics

Tiwari

Harshey

Das

et al. 2019

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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Background: In the current scenario, glass plays a vital contribution in our standard everyday life. Fractured and fragmented glasses are most commonly encountered at the crime scene. During the commission of the crime, glass breaks and shatters into fragments or into minute particles that serve as trace evidence and may provide a significant lead for the probe. The fracture of glass could be the consequence of an intentional act or unintentional act. For the forensic purpose, study of glass fractures, i.e., fractography has paramount importance as it can provide noteworthy data and encourages an assortment of assessments to investigate the case especially in the shooting cases where a firearm is used. Multiple fractures on a glass pane also have enough potential to establish an investigative link. Presently, air guns are being used in many of the cases due to their simple accessibility. There are a number of cases that have been reported that involved the use of air guns. Result: This study was conducted to evaluate the pattern of multiple fractures on the glass by the air rifle. For this purpose, glass panes of various thicknesses were test fired perpendicularly at a fixed range with an air rifle having round nose pellet. Measurements and analysis were made on some fixed parameter. Data was analyzed graphically and statistically to check the consistency in the trends. Conclusion: Consistency in the trends was observed, which is analyzed by the test for the goodness of fit. The findings of this work have provided some significant different perspectives that may effectively contribute to the criminal investigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidential significance of multiple fracture patterns on the glass in forensic ballistics

Tiwari

Harshey

Das

et al. 2019

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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“…It is found to be lethal and may cause grievous injury and even death (Lal and Subrahmanyam 1972) as well as bone micro fracture from the direct impact of the projectile (Kieser et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of glass fracture pattern made by .177″ (4.5 mm) Caliber air rifle

Harshey

Srivastava

Yadav

et al. 2017

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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Background: Glass is the hard, amorphous solid. Glass fragments may be an evidence of great value encountered in the investigation of various types of offences. At the scene of occurrence, the glass may be fractured either as an intentional act or due to accident. Glass fractures are of paramount importance in shooting cases where firearm is used as it can provide significant information related to the occurrence and facilitates a variety of evaluations. In fact, fractography i.e. analysis of fracture pattern, is the means and methods for characterization of fractured units or fragments in order to study or identify the mechanism of such fractures. The study of fracture pattern of glass has been of long interest to the forensic community. The glass fracture pattern analysis is very useful to establish the sequence of events and to link together items of evidence and it is of paramount importance in such cases where firearm is used. Now, the use of air guns in criminal activities is an alarm to the law enforcement agencies. The main objective of this work is to analyze the pattern of the fractures on windowpane of various thicknesses with regular .177″/ 4.5 mm lead pellet fired through the .177″/ 4.5 mm caliber Air Rifle manufactured in India. The window panes were kept at front, perpendicularly and away at a fixed distance from the muzzle end of Air Rifle. Samples were measured and analyzed on some fixed parameters. To analyze the consistency, measurements were analyzed graphically and statically checked for the goodness of fit (Chi-Square Test). Result: The graphical representation of the measurements of different samples shows regularity in the features and Chi Square test gives very significant information regarding the consistency. Conclusion: The hole diameter is ranging from 4.77 to 7.5 mm in case of air rifle. It can lead to distinguish the weapon by which fracture was made, whether it is standard or air weapon. The outcomes of this work on the windowpane by .177″/4.5 mm air rifles may be efficacious to forensic community.

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“…In common perception, Air guns (pistol and rifle) are considered to be safe and also available in the open market. Apart from the perception, it is evident from the available literature that air gun is enough capable to cause fatal injuries (Lal and Subrahmanyam, 1972;DiMaio et al, 1982). From the medico-legal point of view, the air gun has attracted various researchers towards the study of wound ballistics phenomenon, and it was found that air gun may cause bone micro-fractures, ocular injuries and even death also occurred (Schein et al, 1994;Wightman et al, 2010;Kieser et al, 2013;Stankov et al, 2013;Hsiao and Meng, 2018a;Simon et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the investigation of shooting incidents: evaluation of fracture pattern on polymethylmethacrylate sheet made by .22″ and .177″caliber air rifle

Alim

Negi

Abhyankar

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Scientific examination of the physical evidence provides significant information beyond a reasonable doubt. Due to the increasing use of the glassy polymer i.e. polymethylmethacrylate instead of glass, the probability of the occurrence of the fractured polymethylmethacrylate sheet in a shooting incident cannot be ignored. Analysis of fracture pattern offers several analytical approaches that assist the forensic investigator. The use of air guns in criminal activities is increasing as well as these weapons have found to be fatal for living beings. This study was conducted to evaluate the fracture pattern on the polymethylmethacrylate by using an air rifle. The fracture pattern formed on polymethylmethacrylate sheets by the air guns shows some specific characteristics that may help to reconstruct the crime scene. The polymethylmethacrylate sheets were test-fired with Spring-Piston air rifles of .22 00 (5.5 mm) and .177 00 (4.5 mm). Data obtained from the measurements were then statistically analysed with the Chi-Square test. A consistency in hole diameter was observed. Analysis of fracture patterns may provide a lead to the investigator and may help to reconstruct a shooting incident. It can also distinguish between the standard firearm and air gun. The fracture on polymethylmethacrylate sheets gave significant findings that may efficaciously contribute to the forensic investigation of shooting incidences.

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Accidental death by air rifle

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Evidential significance of multiple fracture patterns on the glass in forensic ballistics

Evidential significance of multiple fracture patterns on the glass in forensic ballistics

Analysis of glass fracture pattern made by .177″ (4.5 mm) Caliber air rifle

Towards the investigation of shooting incidents: evaluation of fracture pattern on polymethylmethacrylate sheet made by .22″ and .177″caliber air rifle

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