Although
introducing heteroatoms into Ni-based compounds is an efficient way
to promote HER activity, the absence of rational design strategies,
especially for nonmetallic dopants, impedes the development of electrocatalysts.
Herein, the role of nonmetallic dopants and alkaline HER performance
of nonmetal atom doped Ni3S2 (X–Ni3S2, X = B, C, N, O, P) electrocatalysts are investigated
by combining density functional theory and experiment methods. Results
illustrate that heteroatoms in X–Ni3S2 can alter surface electronic states, change active sites, boost
H2O dissociation kinetics and optimize H ad-desorption
ability. In particular, O–Ni3S2 and C–Ni3S2 exhibit superior HER activity, which only require
very low overpotentials of 68.4 and 85.5 mV, respectively, to deliver
a geometrical current density of 10 mA cm–2. Simultaneously,
a nice stability of over 50 h has been achieved. This can be attributed
to the strong C/O–Ni interaction, which induces favorable charge
transfer and, therefore, facilitates the formation of specific optimal
active sites for H2O dissociation and H ad-desorption.