Accelerated complete human skin architecture restoration after wounding by nanogenerator-driven electrostimulation

Abstract

Background Electrostimulation (ES) therapy for wound healing is limited in clinical use due to barriers such as cumbersome equipment and intermittent delivery of therapy. Methods We adapted a human skin xenograft model that can be used to directly examine the nanogenerator-driven ES (NG-ES) effects on human skin in vivo—an essential translational step toward clinical application of the NG-ES technique for wound healing. Results We show that NG-ES leads to rapid wound closure with complete restoration of normal skin architecture within 7 days compared to more than 30 days in the literature. NG-ES accelerates the inflammatory phase of wound healing with more rapid resolution of neutrophils and macrophages and enhances wound bed perfusion with more robust neovascularization. Conclusion Our results support the translational evaluation and optimization of the NG-ES technology to deliver convenient, efficient wound healing therapy for use in human wounds. Graphic abstract

Robbing Peter to Pay Paul: Chlorhexidine gluconate demonstrates short‐term efficacy and long‐term cytotoxicity

“…To test the cytotoxicity of CHG on human skin wounds in vivo, we used an established xenografted mouse model of human skin wound healing 37,38 . All procedures on mice were approved by the University of Wisconsin Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and the Research Animal Resource and Compliance office.…”

“…To test the cytotoxicity of CHG on human skin wounds in vivo, we used an established xenografted mouse model of human skin wound healing. 37,38 All procedures on mice were approved by the University of Wisconsin Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and the Research Animal Resource and Compliance office. Briefly, four male athymic nude mice (6-7 weeks old, Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbour, ME) were grafted on bilateral flanks with partial thickness human skin procured from elective surgery.…”

Actin Dynamics as a Multiscale Integrator of Cellular Guidance Cues

“…Second, nanoridges that are aligned perpendicular to the guidance cue can provide strong local steering without significantly diminishing the effectiveness of the unidirectional guidance cue. Therefore, our work has implications for real wound sites, which include not only EFs, but also multiple chemotactic signals that act on cellular scales ( Liu et al, 2021 ; Moarefian et al, 2021 ; Yao et al, 2022 ). Our results indicate that when nanotopography is the only local guidance cue, cells can respond to this texture while still moving toward the site of a wound.…”

Electromechanical Nanogenerators for Cell Modulation

“…However, it is still largely limited in clinical applications due to the inconvenience of its implementation. To solve this problem, a wearable electrostimulation bandage was designed to accelerate the healing of skin wounds [43,44]. It was composed of a wearable TENG as a power supply and a pair of dressing electrodes, both of which were integrated in a bandage [43].…”

“…With the current progress and huge development space, EMNGs show tremendous potential for cell modulation and biomedical therapeutics. Cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation [39] Contact-separation mode 12 V, 5-21 days MC3T3-E1 Osteogenic differentiation [40] Wearable, contact-separation mode 2 V cm −1 , 1 Hz, 6 h Fibroblasts Proliferation and differentiation into myofibroblasts [43] Wearable, contact-separation mode 8 V, 1 Hz, 24 h Fibroblasts Cell alignment [44] Implantable, contact-separation mode 100 mV mm −1 , 24 h Fibroblasts Cell migration [33] Disk, freestanding mode 20 V, 20 Hz, 200 pluses MCF-7, Hela, MSCs Cell membrane permeability and drug delivery [45] Contact-separation mode 20 V, 5 Hz, 200 pulses MCF-7, MSCs…”