Acanthosis nigricans and insulin resistance associated with hypothyroidism

Acanthosis nigricans: A new cutaneous sign in severe atopic dermatitis and Down syndrome

“…Only 28% of Down patients were atopics. Many of these diseases are now thought to share a relative tissue resistance to insulin, 5–8 and much attention has been focused on the role of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of AN 12 . Thus, Cruz and Hud 13 recently categorized AN into two types: (i) AN associated with increased insulin binding to IGF receptors, and (ii) AN due to other causes.…”

“…AN has been classified into five different types, including: (i) hereditary benign AN; 1 (ii) benign AN; (iii) pseudoacanthosis nigricans; 2 (iv) drug‐induced AN; 3 and (v) malignant AN 4 . Numerous disorders have been associated with AN, many of which involve tissue resistence to insulin 5–8 . To our knowledge, the association of AN with severe atopic dermatitis (AD) or Down syndrome has not been described before, although acral AN and AN in the palms and soles have been known for a number of years 9,10 …”

Acanthosis nigricans with Severe Obesity, Insulin Resistance and Hypothyroidism: Improvement by Diet Control

“…Although the underlying mechanism is unclear, hypothyroidism has been known to be one of the endocrine disorders associated with AN [7]. Ober [8]suggested that AN is likely due to an indirect effect of hypothyroidism which may cause secondary obesity and subsequent insulin resistance. Matsuoka et al [9]reported that the treatment of hypothyroidism in 3 AN patients with hypothyroidism diminished neither insulin resistance nor AN.…”

A Case of Generalized Acanthosis Nigricans with Positive Lupus Erythematosus-Related Autoantibodies and Antimicrosomal Antibody: Autoimmune Acanthosis Nigricans

“…AN is well known as a clinical marker of malignancy; however, most cases are related to metabolic or endocrinological diseases such as insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, and obesity [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. In some cases, autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and hypothyroidism complicated with type B insulin resistance were reported to be accompanied by AN [6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]. …”