Absorption of white light in photoreceptors

Warrant, Eric J.; Nilsson, Dan-Eric

doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00151-x

Cited by 191 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The peak sensitivity, however, was still too narrow, which may be due to the coloured screening pigments in the retinular cells. Our modelling did not include self-screening effects [38], because the exact numbers of each photoreceptor type contributing to the ant's closed rhabdoms are not yet known.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three spectrally distinct photoreceptors in diurnal and nocturnal Australian ants

et al. 2015

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Ants are thought to be special among Hymenopterans in having only dichromatic colour vision based on two spectrally distinct photoreceptors. Many ants are highly visual animals, however, and use vision extensively for navigation. We show here that two congeneric day-and night-active Australian ants have three spectrally distinct photoreceptor types, potentially supporting trichromatic colour vision. Electroretinogram recordings show the presence of three spectral sensitivities with peaks (l max ) at 370, 450 and 550 nm in the night-active Myrmecia vindex and peaks at 370, 470 and 510 nm in the day-active Myrmecia croslandi. Intracellular electrophysiology on individual photoreceptors confirmed that the night-active M. vindex has three spectral sensitivities with peaks (l max ) at 370, 430 and 550 nm. A large number of the intracellular recordings in the night-active M. vindex show unusually broad-band spectral sensitivities, suggesting that photoreceptors may be coupled. Spectral measurements at different temporal frequencies revealed that the ultraviolet receptors are comparatively slow. We discuss the adaptive significance and the probability of trichromacy in Myrmecia ants in the context of dim light vision and visual navigation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three spectrally distinct photoreceptors in diurnal and nocturnal Australian ants

et al. 2015

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“…where k.A( ) is the absorption coefficient, k, multiplied by the relative absorbance (A) at wavelength λ and l = rhabdom length (Warrant &Nilsson, 1998). The absorbance values were obtained by fitting the template of Stavenga et al (1993) to the published values of k (proximal = 0.01 µm -1 , distal = 0.006 µm -1 ) and the peak absorbance wavelengths for the rhabdoms (proximal = 498 nm, distal = 410 nm) of Systellaspis debilis (Cronin & Frank, 1996).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study the absorption coefficient for each wavelength has been calculated as shown in equation (1) above (Warrant & Nilsson, 1998). …”

Section: %; Hiller-adams Et Al 1988) This Is Because the Earliermentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrast enhancement through structural variations in the rhabdoms of oplophorid shrimps

2004

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Rhabdom morphology in oplophorid shrimps varies both interspecifically and also within the eye of an individual, particularly with respect to the relative sizes of distal and proximal rhabdoms. In this study we have combined published data on anatomical measurements, visual pigment absorption and underwater light distribution to model the absorptance of light from different sources by the rhabdoms in these shrimps. In Systellaspis debilis the violet-sensitive distal rhabdom is prominent and increases in size along a dorso-ventral gradient. The model shows that the dorsal ommatidia are efficient at detecting downwelling irradiance and photophore emissions. In more ventral regions of the eye, the enlarged distal rhabdom results in the ommatidia in this region being more sensitive to eyeshine from other shrimps and to their bioluminescent secretions. This will improve the contrast of such light sources against the background space light. Acanthephyra pelagica has virtually no distal rhabdom and the model shows that this arrangement results in greater sensitivity. 2Introduction.

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“…Therefore, F is calculated for both light conditions. In white light, F w ϭ kl0~2.3 ϩ kl !, where k is the photoreceptor absorption coefficient (reported to be 0.035 mm Ϫ1 for teleosts, Land, 1981;Partridge, 1990;Warrant & Nilsson, 1998) and l is the outer segment length ( mm). For monochromatic light at the preferred wavelength of the photoreceptor, F l max ϭ 1 Ϫ e Ϫkl (Land, 1981;Warrant & McIntyre, 1990).…”

Section: S P Collin Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For monochromatic light at the preferred wavelength of the photoreceptor, F l max ϭ 1 Ϫ e Ϫkl (Land, 1981;Warrant & McIntyre, 1990). All calculations assume that the photoreceptors capture photons from an extended light source (Land, 1981;Warrant & Nilsson, 1998).…”

Section: S P Collin Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Vision in the southern hemisphere lampreyMordacia mordax: Spatial distribution, spectral absorption characteristics, and optical sensitivity of a single class of retinal photoreceptor

et al. 2004

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The dorso-laterally located eyes of the southern hemisphere lamprey Mordacia mordax (Agnatha) contain a single morphological type of retinal photoreceptor, which possesses ultrastructural characteristics of both rods and cones. This photoreceptor has a large refractile ellipsosome in the inner segment and a long cylindrical outer segment surrounded by a retinal pigment epithelium that contains two types of tapetal reflectors. The photoreceptors form a hexagonal array and attain their peak density (33,200 receptors0mm 2 ) in the ventro-temporal retina. Using the size and spacing of the photoreceptors and direct measures of aperture size and eye dimensions, the peak spatial resolving power and optical sensitivity are estimated to be 1.7 cycles deg Ϫ1 (minimum separable angle of 34 ' 7 '' ) and 0.64 mm 2 steradian (white light) and 1.38 mm 2 steradian (preferred wavelength or l max ), respectively. Microspectrophotometry reveals that the visual pigment located within the outer segment is a rhodopsin with a wavelength of maximum absorbance (l max ) at 514 nm. The ellipsosome has very low absorptance (Ͻ0.05) across the measured spectrum (350-750 nm) and probably does not act as a spectral filter. In contrast to all other lampreys studied, the optimized receptor packing, the large width of the ellipsosome-bearing inner segment, together with the presence of a retinal tapetum in the photophobic Mordacia, all represent adaptations for low light vision and optimizing photon capture.

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Absorption of white light in photoreceptors

Cited by 191 publications

References 37 publications

Three spectrally distinct photoreceptors in diurnal and nocturnal Australian ants

Three spectrally distinct photoreceptors in diurnal and nocturnal Australian ants

Contrast enhancement through structural variations in the rhabdoms of oplophorid shrimps

Vision in the southern hemisphere lampreyMordacia mordax: Spatial distribution, spectral absorption characteristics, and optical sensitivity of a single class of retinal photoreceptor

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