Absence of biochemically demonstrable stress in early weaned half-bred Zebu calves.

Coppo, J. A.; Mussart, N. B.; Revidatti, M. A.; Capellari, A.

doi:10.7764/rcia.v30i2.268

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Albumin concentration in the blood reflects protein status, and the levels decline when there is a protein deficiency (Agenas et al, 2006). The concentration of albumin in the blood has been shown to be significantly correlated with good nutritional condition and hence good BCS in cattle (Kaneko et al, 1997;Coppo, 2004). The overall mean plasma albumin value of 29.9 g/L was within the normal range of 25.0 -39.4 g/L reported for cows (Otto et al, 2000;Merck Veterinary Manual, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Blood metabolite concentrations and postpartum resumption of ovarian cyclicity in Sanga cows

Damptey¹,

Obese²,

Aboagye³

et al. 2014

SA J. An. Sci.

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An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of concentrations of certain blood nutrientsensitive metabolites and the resumption of postpartum ovarian cyclicity in 16 Sanga cows (mean BCS 5). Blood samples were taken from cows from weeks 1 to 13 (90 days) postpartum, processed and the plasma progesterone concentration measured to determine the resumption of postpartum ovarian cyclicity. The cows were classified as having resumed ovarian cyclicity when a plasma progesterone concentration of ≥1.0 ng/mL was recorded for two consecutive weekly samples. Based on the resumption of ovarian activity, cows were classified as early cycling, late cycling or non-cycling. The plasma glucose, cholesterol, total protein, albumin and globulin concentrations recorded were similar in the early cycling, late cycling and non-cycling cows. The mean blood glucose, cholesterol, total protein, albumin and globulin concentrations were 3.60 mmol/L, 2.47 mmol/L, 83.1 g/L, 29.9 g/L and 52.9 g/L, respectively. Plasma urea concentrations in late (6.57 ± 0.17 mmol/L) and non-cycling (6.59 ± 0.17 mmol/L) cows were higher than in the early cycling (5.99 ± 0.17 mmol/L) cows in weeks 1 to 13 postpartum. In addition, the plasma creatinine concentration in the early cycling cows was higher than in late cycling cows (101.8 ± 1.82 versus 94.0 ± 1.99 mmol/L). Cows with higher plasma concentrations of urea and lower creatinine concentrations were at risk of delayed resumption of postpartum ovarian cyclicity. Results suggest poor nutritional status, especially energy deficiency, as a major underlying factor suppressing the postpartum resumption of ovarian cyclicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Blood metabolite concentrations and postpartum resumption of ovarian cyclicity in Sanga cows

Damptey¹,

Obese²,

Aboagye³

et al. 2014

SA J. An. Sci.

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“…Blood albumin concentration is reported to reflect good nutritional condition and hence good BCS in cattle (Kaneko et al. ; Coppo ). The concentrations of the nutritional metabolites measured in the plasma were within normal ranges reported for cows (Otto et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Metabolite Profiles in Cycling and Non‐cycling Friesian–Sanga Cross‐bred Cows Grazing Natural Pasture During the Post‐partum Period

Obese

MacCarthy

Osei-Amponsah

et al. 2015

Reprod Domestic Animals

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An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of plasma concentrations of the metabolic hormones [Growth hormone (GH), insulin and insulin-like growth factor -I (IGF-I)] and nutritional metabolites (Glucose, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin, urea and creatinine) on the resumption of post-partum ovarian activity in sixteen Friesian-Sanga cows grazing extensively on native grassland. Blood samples were taken from cows from week 1 to 16 post-partum. Cows were classified as having resumed ovarian activity when a plasma progesterone concentration of ≥ 1.0 ng/ml was recorded for two consecutive weekly samples. Based on the resumption of ovarian activity, cows were classified as early-cycling, late-cycling or non-cycling. The concentrations of the metabolic hormones were measured from week 1 to 10, while those of the nutritional metabolites were measured during week 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 during the study period. The concentrations of the metabolic hormones, GH and insulin were similar (p > 0.05) in the three ovarian activity groups, likewise the concentrations of the nutritional metabolites, glucose, total protein, globulin, urea and creatinine. Plasma IGF-I concentration was higher (p < 0.001) in early-cycling (18.7 ± 0.74 ng/ml) than in late-cycling (12.4 ± 0.75 ng/ml) and non-cycling (10.4 ± 0.91 ng/ml) cows. Plasma cholesterol concentrations were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in early-cycling (1.94 ± 0.15 mmol/l) compared with late-cycling (2.48 ± 0.12 mmol/l) and non-cycling (2.61 ± 0.11 mmol/l) cows. For plasma albumin concentrations, the levels recorded for early-cycling cows were higher (40.7 ± 2.85 g/l) than in late-cycling (34.4 ± 1.97 g/l) and non-cycling (33.6 ± 2.66) cows. The results suggest that cows with lower plasma concentrations of IGF-I and albumin, but higher plasma cholesterol concentrations were at risk of delayed resumption of post-partum ovarian activity.

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“…There is contradictory evidence that the social reorganization associated with weaning (abrupt removal of calves from their dam) induces a stress response with elevated serum corticosteroids [15,28]. In contrast, short-term restraint of calves induces a rapid but transient increase in serum corticosteroids and transport for 3-4 h results in a 48-72 h increase in plasma corticosteroids, and transport has also been associated with increased mortality in young calves [38].…”

Section: Role Of Stress In Bovine Respiratory Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Stress on Viral–Bacterial Synergy in Bovine Respiratory Disease: Novel Mechanisms to Regulate Inflammation

Hodgson

Aich

Manuja

et al. 2005

Comparative and Functional Genomics

112

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The severity of bovine respiratory infections has been linked to a variety of factors, including environmental and nutritional changes, transportation, and social reorganization of weaned calves. Fatal respiratory infections, however, usually occur when a primary viral infection compromises host defences and enhances the severity of a secondary bacterial infection. This viral–bacterial synergy can occur by a number of different mechanisms and disease challenge models have been developed to analyse host responses during these respiratory infections. A primary bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) respiratory infection followed by a secondary challenge with Mannheimia haemolytica results in fatal bovine respiratory disease (BRD) and host responses to these two pathogens have been studied extensively. We used this disease model to demonstrate that stress significantly altered the viral–bacterial synergy resulting in fatal BRD. Functional genomic analysis revealed that BHV-1 infection enhanced toll-like receptors (TLR) expression and increased pro-inflammatory responses which contribute to the severity of a Mannheimia haemolytica infection. TLRs play a critical role in detecting bacterial infections and inducing pro-inflammatory responses. It is difficult to understand, however, how stress-induced corticosteroids could enhance this form of viral–bacterial synergy. Nuclear translocation of the glucocorticoid receptor activates cell signalling pathways which inhibit both TLR signalling and pro-inflammatory responses. The apparent conundrum between stress-induced corticosteroids and enhanced BRD susceptibility is discussed in terms of present data and previous investigations of stress and respiratory disease.

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Absence of biochemically demonstrable stress in early weaned half-bred Zebu calves.

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Blood metabolite concentrations and postpartum resumption of ovarian cyclicity in Sanga cows

Blood metabolite concentrations and postpartum resumption of ovarian cyclicity in Sanga cows

Blood Metabolite Profiles in Cycling and Non‐cycling Friesian–Sanga Cross‐bred Cows Grazing Natural Pasture During the Post‐partum Period

Effect of Stress on Viral–Bacterial Synergy in Bovine Respiratory Disease: Novel Mechanisms to Regulate Inflammation

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