Abordagem multifatorial do absenteísmo por doença em trabalhadores de enfermagem

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To analyze factors associated with self-reported sickness absenteeism among nursing workers. METHODS:Cross-sectional study with 1,509 workers from three public hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro (Southeastern Brazil) in 2006. Absenteeism was classifi ed in three levels: no day, a few days (1-9 days) and many days (≥ 10 days), based on the answer to a question of the work ability index questionnaire. The logistic regression analysis considered a conceptual model based on distal (socioeconomic status), intermediate I (occupational characteristics), intermediate II (lifestyle characteristics), and proximal (diseases and health conditions) determinants. RESULTS:The frequencies of sickness absenteeism were 20.3% and 16.6% for a few days and many days, respectively. Those who reported more than one job, musculoskeletal diseases and rated their health as poor or regular had higher odds of absenteeism. Compared to nurses, nursing assistants were less likely to mention a few days, and technicians were more likely to have many days of absence. Higher odds of mentioning many days of absence were observed among public servants, compared to contract workers (OR = 3.12; 95%CI 1.86;5.22), and among married (OR = 1.73; 95%CI 1.14;2.63) and separated, divorced and widowed individuals (OR = 2.06, 95%CI 1.27;3.35), compared to singles. CONCLUSIONS:Different variables were associated with the two forms of absenteeism, which suggests its multiple and complex determination related to factors from different levels that cannot be exclusively explained by health problems.

Occupational Stress and Dissatisfaction With Quality of Work Life in Nursing

“…23,[25][26][27][28][29] Among the organizational obstacles that can impair the social relationships in the workplace, the following are highlighted: impoverishment and repetitiveness of tasks, lack of motivation and encouragement, poor integration between employees and the organization and the psychological impacts of poor management, which does not aim for a preventive and humanist policy. 30 The literature has pointed out that the support from supervisors seems to be more important for nursing staff than the support from coworkers, [27][28][29]31 the latter also being associated to job satisfaction. Nursing requires teamwork to provide quality care, and since social support is a coping strategy these workers often use, healthy working relationships are also important.…”

Perfil epidemiológico dos servidores públicos catarinenses afastados do trabalho por transtornos mentais de 2010 a 2013

“…Understanding the complex and multifaceted phenomenon of absenteeism as a result of MBD, may contribute to the reduction of direct and indirect costs arising from employees' inability to work 30 , and to promote the understanding of what generates satisfaction and quality of working life and more successful outcomes in terms of health 31 . It is therefore necessary to describe the MBD epidemiological profile for any analysis of sick leave, given that such a description enables more accurate and effective future action.…”

Fatores de risco para absenteísmo de curta duração em um hospital de médio porte

“…Aspectos diferentes e superpostos, que incluem a saúde, as características individuais e socioculturais, o ambiente de trabalho, a organização da empresa e a ausência de medidas de controle das faltas, podem estar envolvidos em chances mais ou menos elevadas de o trabalhador se ausentar 2 . Absenteísmo, ou absentismo, ou ausentismo, corresponde à falta de assiduidade ao trabalho 3 .…”

“…A sua análise provê informações não só da situação epidemiológica, mas também das condições de trabalho, subsidiando ações efetivas em saúde ocupacional 6 . A prevalência de absenteísmo-doença varia de 16,6 a 72,9%, de acordo com a população-alvo e o contexto investigado 2,7 . Apesar dos avanços no conhecimento da exposição dos trabalhadores do setor hospitalar às cargas e dos processos de desgaste que delas decorrem, mudanças nos processos de trabalho para garantir melhores condições laborais ainda estão longe de ser realidade, indicando a necessidade do monitoramento da saúde desses trabalhadores 8 .…”