Abdominal volume computed tomography assessment of body composition in dogs

Turner, Robert B.; Hepworth, Graham; Wilson, K.; Tyrrell, D; Dunshea, Frank R.; Mansfield, Caroline

doi:10.1186/s12917-018-1768-6

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Similar to previous studies, the total abdominal fat strongly correlated to total DXA body fat percentage (r = 0.818) [17,19]. Our findings suggest that relatively healthy-to-slightly overweight dogs, distribute fat similarly between both their abdominal subcutaneous and peritoneal compartments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The dogs were recovered and returned to their owners after the imaging studies. The study methodology was used in parallel research validating abdominal CT volume assessment to estimate body composition [17].…”

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Body composition was estimated in a parallel study using a Hologic Discovery W dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer (Hologic, Waltham, MA, USA) [17]; DXA acquisition was performed in lateral recumbency and the total body fat (g) and total body fat percentage were estimated.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As previously published, the abdominal volume of interest (VOI) was established between the cranial margin of the 10th thoracic vertebrae to the cranial margin of first sacral vertebrae [17]. Manual adjustments of the automated boundaries were performed to ensure the defined regions were maintained.…”

Section: Computed Tomography (Ct) and Abdominal Fat Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Computed tomography (CT) has overcome many of the limitations encountered by DXA and allows body fat content and distribution to be accurately assessed in dogs [7,[17][18][19][20]. Computed tomography offers several advantages over DXA analysis due to its rapid acquisition time, improved spatial and contrast resolution, ability to view structures in three dimensions, and ability to assign a quantitative value to tissues of different attenuation (Hounsfield units).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compartmental fat distribution in the abdomen of dogs relative to overall body fat composition

et al. 2020

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Background: Adipose tissue may have different metabolic and endocrine functions depending on the region of the body in which it is located. While visceral or intra-abdominal fat has been found to contribute to leptin concentrations, insulin resistance and obesity-related diseases, there are only a few imaging studies documenting the preferential distribution of body fat to either the intra-abdominal or subcutaneous compartments in dogs. This study aimed to determine if CT-measured abdominal fat distributed preferentially to the visceral space (V) relative to the subcutaneous space (SQ), with increasing DXA-determined total body fat percentage; and if ultrasound measurements of the ventral midline subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose thickness (VAT) can be used to estimate the distribution of fat to the subcutaneous and visceral abdominal spaces, in a sample of 22 dogs with variable body condition. Results: Multivariate analysis showed no statistically significant correlation between visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio (V/SQ) and increasing total body fat percentage (β = − 0.07, p = 0.733), but strong correlation with age (β = 0.71 p = 0.002). A substantial amount of variation for the ultrasound visceral adipose thickness to subcutaneous fat thickness (VAT/SAT) could be explained by both CT V/SQ and sex (R 2 Adjusted = 0.477, p = 0.001), with female dogs having significant lower VAT/SAT ratios compared to the male dogs (p = 0.047). The ultrasound fat measurements appeared moderately reliable, but a larger sample number is required to confirm this. Conclusions: The findings suggest that dogs with a relatively healthy to slightly overweight body condition score, distribute fat relatively similarly between their peritoneal (visceral) and subcutaneous abdominal compartments with increasing total body fat percentage. However, there was increased fat distribution to the peritoneal space relative to the subcutaneous space with increasing age. Further, abdominal ultrasound may be useful in estimating the ratio of fat distribution to both the abdominal visceral and subcutaneous spaces.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Computed Tomography (Ct) and Abdominal Fat Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compartmental fat distribution in the abdomen of dogs relative to overall body fat composition

et al. 2020

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Combined use of body condition score, radiography, ultrasonography and computed tomography in body condition evaluation of crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous)

Ferro,

da Silva,

Testa

et al. 2023

Vet Res Commun

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This study aimed to evaluate the application of radiography, ultrasonography, and computed tomography (CT) as auxiliaries in the determination of body fat and musculature in crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous). Eight animals were evaluated and classified based on the body condition score (BCS) scale. The total cut volume, total visceral volume, total subcutaneous volume, visceral fat volume, subcutaneous fat volume, and total fat volume were measured. The correlation of the BCS with the other data was determined. In the ultrasound, there was a correlation of the vertebral epaxial musculature score (VEMS) with body weight, BCS, muscle mass score (MMS), animal's height, and height at the withers. In the radiographic analysis, the amount of subcutaneous fat obtained in L3 vertebrae did not present a significant correlation with BCS, as opposed 2 to L6. In the tomographic analysis, TFV/L6, VFV/L6, and SFV/L6 correlated with BCS in L3, and only SFV /L6 in L6. When the ratios between fat volumes were correlated, the correlation with BCS occurred only in L6 in the TFV/TBV, SFV/SVC, and VFW variants.Radiography and CT were effective and had a good association with BCS. With the CT it was possible to demonstrate the distribution of total fat at the level of the L3 slice. The ratio of calculations considering the length of the L6 vertebra was more adequate, while at the level of L6 the ratio between the volumes of the compartments was more effective.

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Evaluation of muscle mass and intramuscular fatty infiltration in dogs with hypercortisolism and their association with prognosis

Yoshida,

Kobatake,

Takashima

et al. 2024

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundMuscle atrophy and intramuscular fatty infiltration, as well as their association with prognosis, have not been quantified in dogs with spontaneous hypercortisolism (HC).ObjectiveTo quantitatively evaluate muscle atrophy and IM fatty infiltration in dogs with HC and determine their prognostic impact.AnimalsFifty‐three dogs with HC and 66 control dogs without HC.MethodsRetrospective cohort study. Medical records and computed tomography images obtained between 2014 and 2021 were evaluated. Kaplan‐Meier curves and log‐rank tests were used to analyze the effect of muscle atrophy and IM fatty infiltration on the prognosis of dogs with HC.ResultsDogs with HC showed lower visually measured cross‐sectional area (VCSA) and cross‐sectional area based on attenuation (HCSA) than control dogs (median [interquartile range {IQR}]: 50.3 mm2/mm [36.2‐67.8] vs 66.7 mm2/mm [48.0‐85.9]; P < .001; 30.4 mm2/mm [13.7‐57.2] vs 54.8 mm2/mm [39.7‐71.5]; P < .001, respectively). Dogs with HC had lower epaxial muscle attenuation (L3HU) than control dogs (median [IQR]: 21.2 Hounsfield [HU] [12.4‐28.2] vs 33.2 HU [22.6‐43.6]; P < .001). Dogs with HC with lower HCSA or L3HU had shorter survival (median [IQR]: 670 days [222‐673] vs 949 days [788‐1074], P < .01; 523 days [132‐670] vs 949 days [756‐1074], P < .01, respectively) but not lower VCSA (median [IQR]: 673 days [132‐788] vs 949 days [523 to not applicable]; P = .30).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceHypercortisolism in dogs causes muscle atrophy and IM fatty infiltration and is associated with poor prognosis.

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Abdominal volume computed tomography assessment of body composition in dogs

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Compartmental fat distribution in the abdomen of dogs relative to overall body fat composition

Compartmental fat distribution in the abdomen of dogs relative to overall body fat composition

Combined use of body condition score, radiography, ultrasonography and computed tomography in body condition evaluation of crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous)

Evaluation of muscle mass and intramuscular fatty infiltration in dogs with hypercortisolism and their association with prognosis

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