ABCD, ABCDE, and ABCCCDEEEEFNU

Weinstock, Martin A.

doi:10.1001/archderm.142.4.528-a

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The ABCDE rule has been formulated as an educational tool to enhance the diagnosis of early melanoma. Although there is disagreement about the utility of the current criteria, 22 there is no debate that the search for ways to enhance the diagnosis of early melanoma should continue. Our study and multiple other studies provide support for elimination of a diameter criterion and inclusion of a criterion that emphasizes darkness as a feature of concern in pigmented lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A series of melanomas smaller than 4 mm and implications for the ABCDE rule

Solomon

2007

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A series of melanomas smaller than 4 mm and implications for the ABCDE rule

Solomon

2007

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…19 One critic of the ABCD modifications admitted to the need for such devices and wrote "All have some justification, but lead to a more complex primary message." 19 He further clarified that the message for the general public should be simple, and for the practicing clinician, a complex algorithm can be effective. 19 The importance of hollowness on ultrasonography is a feature that has not been particularly emphasized for detection of early choroidal melanoma.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choroidal Nevus Transformation Into Melanoma

Shields

Furuta²,

Berman³

et al. 2009

Arch Ophthalmol

260

220

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Objective: To determine features that are predictive of growth of choroidal nevi into melanoma. Methods: This was a retrospective medical record review of 2514 consecutive eyes; Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression analyses were used. Results: The median tumor basal diameter was 5.0 mm and thickness was 1.5 mm. Nevus growth into melanoma occurred in 2%, 9%, and 13% of eyes at 1, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Factors predictive of growth into melanoma by multivariable analysis included tumor thickness greater than 2 mm (P Ͻ .001), subretinal fluid (P = .002), symptoms (P = .002), orange pigment (PϽ .001), tumor margin within 3 mm of the optic disc (P=.001), ultrasonographic hollowness (P Ͻ.001), and halo absence (P=.009). A mnemonic device to recall risk factors of ocular melanoma is "To find small ocular melanoma using helpful hints," representing thickness, fluid, symptoms, orange pigment, margin, ultrasonographic hollowness, and halo absence. The median hazard ratio for those with 1 to 2 risk factors was 3; for 3 or 4 factors, 5; for 5 to 6 factors, 9; and for all 7 factors, 21. Conclusions: In an analysis of 2514 choroidal nevi, factors predictive of growth into melanoma included greater thickness, subretinal fluid, symptoms, orange pigment, margin near disc, and 2 new features: ultrasonographic hollowness and absence of halo.

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“…These criteria were introduced in 1985, aiming to provide the lay public and primary care professionals with a useful, simple and memorable tool for the early recognition of melanoma [58]. Multiple modifications of the ABCD criteria have been proposed, including additional Es for elevation, enlargement, erythema or evolution, Cs for contour, change and color, F for funny looking, and N and U for new and unusual [59]. A review of the key literature for the period 1980-2004 and a recent cohort study do not support the utility of lowering the D criterion of the ABCD from the current diameter of greater than 6 mm, but did encourage the addition of 'E' in order to emphasize the significance of an evolving or changing pigmented lesion in the natural history of melanoma (ABCDE) [60,61].…”

Section: What To Look For?mentioning

confidence: 99%