Abatement by naringin of lomefloxacin-induced genomic instability in mice

Abstract

Lomefloxacin is a difluorinated quinolone antibacterial drug. It is widely used against infectious diseases including meningitis, those of the genitourinary and upper respiratory tracts, and skin infections. Lomefloxacin, like other fluoroquinolones, is mutagenic and the formation of reactive oxygen species appears to be responsible for this genomic instability. The anti-mutagenic effects of naringin, a grapefruit flavonone, against lomefloxacin-induced genomic instability in vivo were evaluated in mouse bone marrow cells by chromosomal aberration and micronucleus (MN) assays. Naringin was neither genotoxic nor cytotoxic in mice at doses equivalent to 5 or 50 mg/kg. Pre-treatment of mice with naringin significantly reduced lomefloxacin-induced chromosomal aberrations and the MN formation in bone marrow. The protective effect of naringin was found to be stronger at the higher dose, indicating the dose-dependent effect of naringin. Lomefloxacin induced marked biochemical alterations characteristic of oxidative stress, including enhanced lipid peroxidation and reduction in the reduced glutathione level. Prior administration of naringin ahead of lomefloxacin challenge ameliorated these biochemical markers. It is concluded that naringin has a protective role in the abatement of lomefloxacin-induced genomic instability that resides, at least in part, in its anti-radical effects. Thus, naringin might be a good alternative to reduce genotoxic risks associated with lomefloxacin therapy.

Effect of Naringin on the DNA Damage Induced by Daunorubicin in Mouse Hepatocytes and Cardiocytes

“…Furthermore, our results with Nar indicated that this chemical can be an appropriate antimutagen, and they agree with reports which show its inhibitory effect on the frequency of MN and chromosomal aberration in mice treated with lomefloxacin, a difluorinated quinolone antibacterial drug, 31) besides its protective action against the MN produced by ifosfamide or radiation in mouse. 4,5,11) In regard to its mechanism of action, besides producing a strong in vitro antioxidant effect, the chemical has also demonstrated a clear in vivo antioxidant potential, for example, by correcting the increase in lipid peroxidation and the reduction in glutathione level induced by lomefloxacin in mice, 31) by improving the activity of a number of antioxidant enzymes and nonenzymatic antioxidants in rats and rabbits as well as ameliorating the induced cardiac histological alterations.…”

“…4,5,11) In regard to its mechanism of action, besides producing a strong in vitro antioxidant effect, the chemical has also demonstrated a clear in vivo antioxidant potential, for example, by correcting the increase in lipid peroxidation and the reduction in glutathione level induced by lomefloxacin in mice, 31) by improving the activity of a number of antioxidant enzymes and nonenzymatic antioxidants in rats and rabbits as well as ameliorating the induced cardiac histological alterations. [32][33][34] Accordant with these considerations, the capacity of Nar to inhibit DNA damage produced by Dau found in our investigation could be related, at least partially, with an improved antioxidant condition induced by the flavonoid that could compensate for the oxidative stress caused by Dau.…”

Rytmonorm-Induced Cytogenetic and Testicular Damage in Albino Rats: The Protective Effect of Grapefruit Juice

“…The protective effects of grapefruit were studied by many investigators. Attia [26] studied the anti-mutagenic effects of naringin, a grapefruit flavonone, against lomefloxacin-induced genomic instability in vivo in mouse bone marrow cells by chromosomal aberration assays. Miyata et al [27], stated that rats allowed free access to grapefruit juice for 5 days prior to AFB1 administration resulted in clearly reduced DNA damage in liver.…”

Therapeutic potential of naringin: an overview

“…A dosedependent effect was observed at concentrations of 5-50 mg/kg and naringin significantly reduced cell proliferation, chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus formation in bone marrow and increased mitotic activity (Attia 2008). In male Wistar rats, naringin has been shown to modulate the production and expression of oxidative mediators and to reduce DNA damage to relieve the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (Kumar et al 2014).…”