AB0989 Uneven Temperature among Fingers after Cold-Water Immersion of Hands is A Useful Parameter to Identify Disturbed Peripheral Circulation in Patients with Raynaud Phenomenon

Abstract

Background Peripheral circulation is often disturbed in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs). Raynaud phenomenon (RP) is prevalent in and considerably characteristic of CTDs and we have long noticed colour unevenness among fingers in patients during RP attacks. We hypothesized that temperature unevenness among fingers detected by infrared thermography would be a useful parameter to evaluate peripheral circulation. Objectives To evaluate temperature unevenness among fingers as a thermographic parameter by comparing it with other parameters validated in previous studies [1-3]. Methods Patients with RP who underwent thermographic examinations at our hospital were included and compared with healthy volunteers. Skin temperatures of dorsum of hands at 10 fingers' nail folds and MCP joints were measured at baseline. Then hands were immersed in 10°C water for 10 seconds. Skin temperatures were measured at 0, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 min after immersion. Mean temperature, recovery rate (temperature recovery from immersion/decrease by immersion), and coefficient of variation (standard deviation/mean temperature) of nail fold temperature were calculated. Higher coefficient of variation means temperature among fingers is more uneven. Distal-dorsal difference (DDD: measured by subtracting mean temperature of MCP from that of nail fold) was also calculated and these parameters were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated to compare these parameters in terms of their capability of differentiating patients with RP from HCs. Results Thirty-one patients with RP (10 with primary Raynaud, 11 with systemic sclerosis (SSc), 11 with other CTDs) were included and compared with 25 healthy controls (HCs). Baseline nail fold temperature was significantly lower in patients of RP than in HC (30.8±3.1°C vs. 33.2±1.8°C, p=0.0002). Cold-water immersion of hands revealed patients with RP had lower recovery rate, lower DDD, and higher coefficient of variation than did HCs. The differences in these parameters were the most evident at 5 min after immersion (patients with RP vs HCs: recovery rate; 49.6±27.7 vs 71.5±26.8, p=0.004 DDD; -1.4±2.8 vs 0.85±2.7, p=0.0008 coefficient of variation; 0.053±0.024 vs 0.021±0.015, p=1.2x10–6). On the basis of ROC curve analyses for these parameters, coefficient of variation of nail fold temperature most effectively differentiated patients with RP from HCs (Area under the curve; recovery rate: 0.64 DDD: 0.79 coefficient of variation: 0.88). Conclusions Unevenness of temperature among fingers was the most useful thermographic parameter to evaluate disturbed peripheral circulation. References O'Reilly D, et al. (1992) Measurement of cold challenge responses in primary Raynaud's phenomenon and Raynaud's phenomenon associated with systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 51: 1193-1196. Anderson ME, et al. (2007) The 'distal-dorsal difference': a thermographic parameter by which to differentiate between primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon. Rhe...

Termografia aplicada ao Fenômeno de Raynaud: Artigo de Revisão Bibliométrica

“…), onde a termografia avalia as diferenças de temperatura na superfície da pele podendo determinar o fluxo sanguíneo na microcirculação. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Este fenômeno é resultante de uma vasoconstrição exagerada das artérias e arteríolas digitais que induzem alterações de cores na pele, podendo torná-la avermelhada, esbranquiçada ou azulada. Isto ocorre da região distal para proximal, ou seja, cianose distal, vasoconstrição central e vasodilatação proximal, atuando de maneira paroxística nos dedos das mãos, pés, nariz, lóbulos das orelhas e até mesmo lábios.…”

“…8,23 Uma das formas mais comuns de estudar o comportamento térmico no FR foi através da DDD, sendo delimitadas as regiões de falanges ditais e região de média de metacarpo para cálculo do gradiente térmico. [5][6][7]9,[11][12][13][14] Há descrição de dimensões de análise sendo de 1mm para falanges e 2-3mm em região palmar e dorsal. 28 Para o estudo de Horikoshi6 no grupo controle, a DDD média foi positiva, ou seja, a temperatura da prega ungueal foi maior que a região do metacarpo exceto para 0 e 3 min após o estresse ao frio.…”