A working classification of asthma

Rackemann, Francis M.

doi:10.1016/0002-9343(47)90204-0

Cited by 221 publications

(118 citation statements)

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“…A still widely used classification [1] distinguishes allergic, immediate type hypersensitivity mediated ("extrinsic") from nonallergic ("intrinsic") asthma. However, several lines of evidence challenge the dualistic concept of extrinsic and intrinsic asthma [2].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation of total serum immunoglobulin E is associated with asthma in nonallergic individuals

Beeh¹,

Ksoll²,

Buhl³

2000

Eur Respir J

138

102

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Elevated serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E is the hallmark of atopy, and contributes to asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in atopic individuals. In contrast, the significance of IgE in nonallergic subjects is less clear. The aim of the present study is to clarify a potential association of IgE and asthma in absence of clinical allergy.To this purpose 1,219 consecutive patients of a pulmonary practice were evaluated. Nonallergic patients were defined by negative skin prick test, history of atopy and specific IgE, 509 subjects (42%) were nonallergic. Among these, 80 patients (16%) had elevated total IgE levels (>150 U . mL -1 ). Prevalence and severity of asthma in nonallergic subjects with IgE>150 U . mL -1 were compared with subjects with normal IgE levels, and lung function parameters were correlated with serum IgE in all nonallergic subjects and asthmatics.Asthma was more prevalent in nonallergic subjects with elevated IgE levels than in nonallergic subjects with normal IgE (39% versus 14%; p<0.001). Lung function values of nonallergic asthmatics were lower for forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) % predicted (66+20% versus 8317%; p<0.001), FEV1% forced vital capacity (FVC) (7014% versus 818%; p<0.001) and forced mid expiratory flow (FEF25±75) (1.70.9 L . s -1 versus 2.80.9 L . s -1 ; p=0.002) in patients with high IgE compared to asthmatics with normal IgE, and were negatively correlated with log IgE levels in all nonallergic asthmatics. (FEV1 % pred: r=-0.5, p<0.001; FEV1 % FVC: r=-0.53, p<0.001; FEF25±75: r=-0.52, p<0.001). In the whole study population, multivariate analysis showed a greater than fivefold asthma risk for nonallergic individuals with serum IgE>150 U . mL -1 . These data support the role of IgE as risk factor for asthma independent of allergy, and they further challenge the definition of intrinsic asthma as "non-IgE mediated" entity. Eur Respir J 2000; 16: 609±614.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation of total serum immunoglobulin E is associated with asthma in nonallergic individuals

Beeh¹,

Ksoll²,

Buhl³

2000

Eur Respir J

138

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…More importantly, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that respiratory variability analysis can be useful not only to aid in asthma diagnosis and in differentiating uncontrolled from controlled asthma but also for discriminating between nonatopic and atopic asthma (2). We found decreased long range correlation, irregularity and chaotic nature of respiratory dynamic in non-atopic asthma as compared with atopic asthma, possibly reflecting different pathophysiological mechanisms and maybe justifying a higher degree of disease severity in patients with non-atopic asthma (3). Therefore, complexity analysis of respiratory dynamics may represent a novel physiologic marker to facilitate diagnosis and clinical assessment of respiratory disorders.…”

Section: Letter To Editormentioning

confidence: 79%

Complexity Analysis of Respiratory Dynamics

Raoufy

Ghafari

Mani

2017

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

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We read with interest the article by Thamrin and colleagues (1), which discussed systems biology approaches to study respiratory system, as a complex system, within the context of diagnosis and monitoring of diseases. A section of the article described previous studies that characterized the complex behavior of the lung in respiratory diseases using nonlinear analysis of the fluctuations of physiologic variables over time. Chronic lung diseases have variable clinical symptoms and represent complex behavior which may be associated with a shift in dynamics of respiratory system toward either too regular or too irregular (2). Analyzing such nonlinear fluctuations may not only improve traditional assessments in diagnosing the onset of illness, its severity and prognosis (1), but also could provide new insights into the different pathophysiological characteristics of respiratory diseases (2). In addition to studies described by Thamrin and colleagues (1), our recent report (2) showed that both respiratory rhythm and volume fluctuate continuously under a delicate equilibrium to maintain adaptability to external or internal stimuli. These fluctuations showed decreased long-range correlation, increased regularity and reduced sensitivity to initial conditions in patients with asthma, particularly in uncontrolled state. More importantly, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that respiratory variability analysis can be useful not only to aid in asthma diagnosis and in differentiating uncontrolled from controlled asthma but also for discriminating between nonatopic and atopic asthma (2). We found decreased long range correlation, irregularity and chaotic nature of respiratory dynamic in non-atopic asthma as compared with atopic asthma, possibly reflecting different pathophysiological mechanisms and maybe justifying a higher degree of disease severity in patients with

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“…These disorders are well-known Th1-mediated inflammatory diseases. In addition, BAFF induces class-switch DNA recombination to produce IgG, IgA and IgE (Litinskiy et al, 2002), which is in relation to Th2-mediated immune reactionmediated allergic disorder such as asthma (Rackeman, 1947;Ostergaard, 1985;Corrigan, 2004). Previously, our reports have shown that BAFF expression was increased by ROS treatment and Prx II gene deletion and it was differentially regulated from TLR4 by Prx II .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Expression of B cell Activating Factor (BAFF) Is Independent of Toll-like Receptor 4 and Myeloid Differentiation Primary Response Gene 88

Kim¹,

Moon²

2009

Biomolecules and Therapeutics

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-Reactive oxygen species play a role in signal transduction and in many human diseases. B-cell activating factor (BAFF) plays a role for mature B cell generation and maintenance and for the incidence of autoimmune diseases. We previously reported that BAFF expression was induced by ROS. In this study, we investigated whether ROS-induced BAFF expression was affected by toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 or myeloid differentiation primary response gene (MyD) 88. BAFF expression was increased by serum deprivation that is an experimental modification to produce ROS. In contrast, TLR4 and MyD88 were decreased by serum deprivation. Although ROS production was decreased in TLR4-nonfunctional or MyD88-deficient splenocytes as compared to that in control mice, serum deprivation increased ROS production and augmented BAFF expression in both cells. 50 μM H2O2 also increased BAFF expression in TLR4-deficient or MyD88-deficient splenocytes. Collectively, results show that BAFF expression may be mediated by TLR4 or MyD88-independent manner and TLR4 or MyD88 may not be required in BAFF expression.

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A working classification of asthma

Cited by 221 publications

References 0 publications

Elevation of total serum immunoglobulin E is associated with asthma in nonallergic individuals

Elevation of total serum immunoglobulin E is associated with asthma in nonallergic individuals

Complexity Analysis of Respiratory Dynamics

Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Expression of B cell Activating Factor (BAFF) Is Independent of Toll-like Receptor 4 and Myeloid Differentiation Primary Response Gene 88

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