A Voltammetric Sensory System for Recognition of Propranolol Enantiomers Based on Glassy Carbon Electrodes Modified by Polyarylenephthalide Composites of Melamine and Cyanuric Acid

Abstract

An enantioselective voltammetric sensory system based on glassy carbon electrodes modified by polyarylenephthalide composites of melamine and cyanuric acid using chemometric method principal component analysis for the recognition of propranolol enantiomers was developed. It is shown that glassy carbon electrodes modified by polyarylenephthalide composites of melamine and cyanuric acid exhibit the properties of enantioselective sensors. The molecular dynamics simulations of the interaction processes of propranolol enantiomers with polyarylenephthalide composites of melamine and cyanuric acid show that the differences between the voltammograms of propranolol enantiomers on such electrodes are due to differences in the energy of hydrogen bonds formation between enantiomeric molecules and supramolecules of melamine and cyanuric acid. This is reflected not only in the characteristics and shape of the voltammograms, but also in the sensitivity of the electrodes, with respect to the propranolol enantiomers. The possibilities of the sensory system for express recognition of R‐ and S‐propranolol are considered. The recognition of these enantiomers by the registered voltammograms on two glassy carbon electrodes modified by polyarylenephthalide composites of melamine and cyanuric acid allows to increase significantly the percentage of correctly recognised samples in comparison with the registration of voltammograms on only one electrode.

Uncured Polydimethylsiloxane as Binder Agent for Carbon Paste Electrodes: Application to the Quantification of Propranolol

“…Electrochemical methods are also found in the literature. Chemically modified electrodes [47][48][49][50][51] and CPEs 34,52 are commonly used to detect this specie. Therefore, regarding the considerable number of electroanalytical methods for PROP determination, this drug can be used as a model analyte to evaluate the analytical performance of PDMS-CPEs.…”

Enantioselective Voltammetric Sensors Based on Amino Acid Complexes of Cu(II), Co(III), and Zn(II)

“…In comparison with the previously described chiral sensors [12,[48][49][50], this sensor is distinguished by its low cost, ease of manufacture, high sensitivity, and accuracy of the determination of tryptophan enantiomers both in model solutions and in artificially prepared samples of biological fluids. In general, it can be noted that sensors modified by various amino acid complexes of transition metals possess cross-sensitivity to enantiomers of biologically active substances and can be used in multisensor systems not only to control the "enantiomeric purity" of drugs [12,51], but also to establish their authenticity, manufacturer [52,53], and expiration date [54].…”

Voltammetric sensor based on the copper (II) amino acid complex for the determination of tryptophan enantiomers

“…Определение энантиомеров Трп в моче и плазме крови человека на стеклоуглеродном электроде, модифицированном ПАФ/CarboblackC/[Cu(L-Ala)(L-Arg)] (pH 6.86, скорость сканирования потенциала 20 мВ/с; n = 5; P = 0.95) [28,31], использование мультисенсорного подхода позволяет обойти ряд трудностей, связанных с близостью аналитических сигналов аналитов [24,[32][33][34][35][36]. Предложенный сенсор проявляет различную чувствительность к энантиомерам Трп, что позволяет использовать его в мультисенсорных системах.…”