A universal and facile approach for building multifunctional conjugated polymers for human-integrated electronics

Li, Nan; Dai, Yahao; Li, Yang; Dai, Shilei; Strzalka, Joseph; Su, Qi; Oliveira, Nickolas De; Zhang, Qingteng; Onge, P. Blake J. St.; Wang, Yunfei; Gu, Xiaodan; Xu, Jie; Wang, Sihong

doi:10.1016/j.matt.2021.07.013

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…Next, it is observed that all of the clicking of the different molecules (N-but, Et-Fc, acetylene-biotin-PEG 4 and DBCO-HD22) to the PEDOT-N 3 OECTs cause a shift of the V TH to more negative potentials. This result can be ascribed to the conversion of the azide moieties of PEDOT-N 3 into triazole units, which can originate new ionic transport paths upon the alteration of the packing structure of the polymer …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This result can be ascribed to the conversion of the azide moieties of PEDOT-N 3 into triazole units, which can originate new ionic transport paths upon the alteration of the packing structure of the polymer. 49 On the other hand, the thrombin recognition also results in a negative shift of the V TH (Figure 6(E)), which is translated in a decrease of the registered I DS . This effect has been previously reported in organic field effect transistors, and it is ascribed to the induction of negative charges in the semiconductor by the positively charged thrombin molecules.…”

Section: Clicking Of Aptamers and Thrombin Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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“Clickable” Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Fenoy

Hasler

Quartinello³

et al. 2022

JACS Au

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Interfacing the surface of an organic semiconductor with biological elements is a central quest when it comes to the development of efficient organic bioelectronic devices. Here, we present the first example of “clickable” organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). The synthesis and characterization of an azide-derivatized EDOT monomer (azidomethyl-EDOT, EDOT-N3) are reported, as well as its deposition on Au-interdigitated electrodes through electropolymerization to yield PEDOT-N3-OECTs. The electropolymerization protocol allows for a straightforward and reliable tuning of the characteristics of the OECTs, yielding transistors with lower threshold voltages than PEDOT-based state-of-the-art devices and maximum transconductance voltage values close to 0 V, a key feature for the development of efficient organic bioelectronic devices. Subsequently, the azide moieties are employed to click alkyne-bearing molecules such as redox probes and biorecognition elements. The clicking of an alkyne-modified PEG4-biotin allows for the use of the avidin–biotin interactions to efficiently generate bioconstructs with proteins and enzymes. In addition, a dibenzocyclooctyne-modified thrombin-specific HD22 aptamer is clicked on the PEDOT-N3-OECTs, showing the application of the devices toward the development of organic transistors-based biosensors. Finally, the clicked OECTs preserve their electronic features after the different clicking procedures, demonstrating the stability and robustness of the fabricated transistors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clicking Of Aptamers and Thrombin Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“Clickable” Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Fenoy

Hasler

Quartinello³

et al. 2022

JACS Au

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“…Direct photopatterning of conjugated polymers has been achieved by functionalization of the benzophenone groups on the side chains, which enabled interchain crosslinking through a photoinitiated reaction with C−H bonds under UV (365 nm) exposure. 92 A feature size <10 μm was achieved with this method. Besides side-chain functionalization, diazirinebased cross-linkers were reported for patterning of polymer semiconductors by a photoinduced carbeneinsertion reaction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For large-area and low-cost circuit manufacturing, it is desirable that the developed semiconductor materials can be easily patterned and are compatible with consecutive solution-based deposition of other organic layers during device fabrication. Direct photopatterning of conjugated polymers has been achieved by functionalization of the benzophenone groups on the side chains, which enabled interchain crosslinking through a photoinitiated reaction with C–H bonds under UV (365 nm) exposure . A feature size <10 μm was achieved with this method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Design of Stretchable Polymer Semiconductors: Current Progress and Future Directions

et al. 2022

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Stretchable polymer semiconductors have advanced rapidly in the past decade as materials required to realize conformable and soft skin-like electronics become available. Through rational molecular-level design, stretchable polymer semiconductor films are now able to retain their electrical functionalities even when subjected to repeated mechanical deformations. Furthermore, their charge-carrier mobilities are on par with the best flexible polymer semiconductors, with some even exceeding that of amorphous silicon. The key advancements are molecular-design concepts that allow multiple strain energy-dissipation mechanisms, while maintaining efficient charge-transport pathways over multiple length scales. In this perspective article, we review recent approaches to confer stretchability to polymer semiconductors while maintaining high charge carrier mobilities, with emphasis on the control of both polymer-chain dynamics and thin-film morphology. Additionally, we present molecular design considerations toward intrinsically elastic semiconductors that are needed for reliable device operation under reversible and repeated deformation. A general approach involving inducing polymer semiconductor nanoconfinement allows for incorporation of several other desired functionalities, such as biodegradability, self-healing, and photopatternability, while enhancing the charge transport. Lastly, we point out future directions, including advancing the fundamental understanding of morphology evolution and its correlation with the change of charge transport under strain, and needs for strain-resilient polymer semiconductors with high mobility retention.

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“…While not directly related to solvent resistance, it is also important to mention that azide-containing semiconducting polymers can be efficient precursors to achieve multifunctional conjugated polymers toward emerging electronics through chemical post functionalization. 47,48 Other types of photo-cross-linking materials have also been explored for applications in conjugated materials. For example, Meerholz et al investigated oxetane cross-linking in conjugated polymer side chains for solution-processed OLEDs.…”

Section: Photo-and Thermally Triggered Solvent Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Materials Design Strategies for Solvent-Resistant Organic Electronics

Mooney

Crep

2022

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Design of organic π-conjugated semiconducting materials is an exciting avenue of research that has already found promising applications in a wide variety of fields, ranging from stretchable electronics to bioimaging and theranostics. With favorable optoelectronic and thermomechanical properties, these materials and related devices can provide a complementary alternative to commercial silicon-based electronics. One of the most important features of organic semiconductors is their ability to be solution processed, allowing access to a wide variety of printing and solution deposition techniques inaccessible to silicon. However, the solution processability of these materials also poses challenges for the development of multilayer electronics due to potential problems such as swelling, film deformation and interfacial mixing that can occur upon successive solution deposition. Use of orthogonal (noncompatible) solvents and solvent-free deposition methods have been extensively investigated as solutions to this challenge, although the applicability of these approaches is limited by the chemical properties of the materials used. Another approach to address this problem is to focus on the materials rather than deposition methods. Through rational design, functional groups can be used to create triggered solvent resistance through covalent or dynamic intermolecular bonds. Design strategies include the incorporation of photo- and thermally cleavable functional groups in the materials, or the use of chemical additives/reagents to significantly alter the solubility of π-conjugated materials and afford solvent-resistant thin films. This spotlight article presents recent progress toward solvent-resistant organic materials with an emphasis on their use in electronic applications. Recent and key developments will be discussed from a personal perspective, providing an overview of the different approaches used to achieve solvent-resistant semiconducting materials toward the fabrication of advanced, multilayer organic electronics.

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A universal and facile approach for building multifunctional conjugated polymers for human-integrated electronics

Cited by 14 publications

References 56 publications

“Clickable” Organic Electrochemical Transistors

“Clickable” Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Molecular Design of Stretchable Polymer Semiconductors: Current Progress and Future Directions

Materials Design Strategies for Solvent-Resistant Organic Electronics

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