A theory of architectural design

Regional integration and the built environment in middle-range societies: Paracas and early Nasca houses and communities

“…The question has been approached from a variety of perspectives such as economic organization, rational decision-making (McGuire and Schiffer, 1983), symbolism and metaphor (Blier, 1987;Hodder, 1990), as well as a multitude of approaches on household form and function (Wilk and Netting, 1984;Wilk, 1990). Analyses of building material and construction techniques, floor plans (Blanton, 1994;Hillier and Hanson, 1984), and activity areas (Kent, 1990) have proven effective in describing many elements of social, economic, and political organization, notably in sedentary societies.…”

Arquitectura de asentamientos de la costa de Tarapacá, norte de Chile

“…Utilizamos el índice de superficie construida referido, para entender el grado de inversión arquitectónica y de diferenciación entre los sitios (en cuanto a la reducción y/o ampliación de los espacios intramuros). Esa inversión opera según la energía humana involucrada en la construcción, mantenimiento y uso de los edificios durante su vida útil (McGuire y Schiffer 1983). Este índice complementa al valor que entrega el FOS utilizado por Raffino (1981), que considera el porcentaje de superficie edificada dentro del perímetro del asentamiento, incluyendo los espacios no edificados, entre recintos y vías de circulación.…”

Using finite element methods to analyze ancient architecture: an example from the North American Arctic

“…Over 25 years ago, McGuire and Schiffer, (1983) pointed out the need for studies of vernacular architecture focusing on the idea that buildings exist as material expressions of goal-oriented behaviors. As this study has shown, FEM clearly demonstrates that realizing certain design goals often comes at the expense of others.…”

“…Did these contrasting goals come at the expense of structural integrity? In their theory of vernacular architecture, McGuire and Schiffer (1983) argue that when people construct buildings, they attempt to meet certain objectives that define the utilitarian and symbolic functions of the dwelling. However, all design goals cannot be achieved simultaneously.…”