A systematic risk characterization related to the dietary exposure of the population to potentially toxic elements through the ingestion of fruit and vegetables from a potentially contaminated area. A case study: The issue of the "Land of Fires" area in Campania region, Italy

Esposito, Francesco; Nardone, Antonio; Fasano, Evelina; Scognamiglio, Gelsomina; Esposito, Daniela; Agrelli, Diana; Ottaiano, Lucia; Fagnano, Massimo; Adamo, Paola; Beccaloni, Eleonora; Vanni, Fabiana; Cirillo, Teresa

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.058

Cited by 46 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Heavy metals are metals that occur naturally in the Earth’s crust in a specific concentration. Anthropogenic activities lead to increases in the heavy metal levels in the ecosystems, which consequently increases the pollution and human health risk [ 10 , 12 ]. In the present study, we identified significant variations in the concentrations of Cr, Cd and Mn among the different streams (upstream, middlestream and downstream), with the highest concentration recorded at the downstream (sites 3, 6 and 9) for most metals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The risk of human exposure to heavy metals through the food chain increases when the crops are grown in contaminated soil. Today, mutagenesis and carcinogenesis are correlated with the chronic exposure of humans to some of the heavy metals [ 12 ]. The use of herbicides, fertilizers, livestock manure, and wastewater for irrigation in agricultural soils are the primary sources of heavy metals [ 9 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals along Three Main Drains in Nile Delta and Potential Phytoremediation by Macrophyte Plants

El‐Amier

Bonanomi

Al‐Rowaily

et al. 2020

Plants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of drainage water in the irrigation of agroecosystem is associated with environmental hazards, and can pose threats to human health. Nine heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb) along three main drains in the middle Nile Delta were measures in the sediments, roots and shoots of three common macrophytes (Echinochloa stagnina, Phragmites australis and Typha domingensis). The physicochemical characteristics, as well as the enrichment factor (Ef), contamination factor (Cf), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), ecological risk factor (Er), degree of contamination (Dc) and potential ecological risk index (PERI), were determined for sediment. The metal bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and translocation factor (TF) were assessed for plants. Data revealed high contents of Cr, Zn and Cd in the upstream of the drains, while Mn, Cu and Ni were recorded in high concentrations in the downstream. Mn, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni and Zn were recorded to be within EU (2002), CSQGD (2007) and US EPA (1999) limits, while Cd and Pb showed high a ecological risk index. This high concentration of pollutants could be attributed to unremitting industrial activities, which can bioaccumulate in the food chains and cause serious problems for humans. The root of P. australis showed the effective accumulation of most of the elements, while T. domingensis revealed the highest accumulation of Pb. However, the highest BAF shoot value was found in T. domingensis for most of the heavy metals, except for Fe and Zn in P. australis and Mn in E. stagnina. Thus, P. australis could be used as a potential phytoextractor of these hazardous metals, as an eco-friendly and cost-efficient method for remediation of the polluted drains. Further, T. domingensis could be integrated as a hyperaccumulator of Pb. Strict laws and regulations must be taken into consideration by the policymaker against unmanaged industrial activities, particularly near the water streams in the Nile Delta.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals along Three Main Drains in Nile Delta and Potential Phytoremediation by Macrophyte Plants

El‐Amier

Bonanomi

Al‐Rowaily

et al. 2020

Plants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This name is due to the presence of numerous illegal landfills along the roads and in the open countryside. Every time these landfills are filled, fires are set to dispose of them [6,7]. In the past decade, Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in water and sediment from Volturno River, Southern Italy: occurrence, distribution and risk assessment

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background To assess the Volturno River pollution and its environmental impact on the Tyrrhenian Sea (Central Mediterranean Sea) caused by Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), 32 PCBs and aldrin, α-BHC, β-BHC, δ-BHC, γ-BHC (lindane), 4,4′- DDD, 4,4′-DDE, 4,4′-DDT, dieldrin, endosulfan I, endosulfan II, endosulfan sulphate, endrin, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide (isomer B) and methoxychlor have been selected and were analyzed in three different phases: dissolved phase (DP), suspended particulate matter (SPM) and sediments. PCBs and OCPs were extracted using an SPE column for the DP and glass fiber filter for SPM and sediment samples. Cleaned extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography with electron capture detector (ECD) and mass spectrometry (MS) detector for PCBs and OCPs, respectively. Results Pollutants discharges of PCBs and OCPs into the sea were calculated in about 106.9 kg year−1 (87.1 kg year−1 of PCBs and 19.7 kg year−1 of OCPs), showing that this river could be a major source of PCBs and OCPs pollution to the Central Mediterranean Sea. Total concentrations of PCBs ranged from 4.1 to 48.0 ng L−1 in water (sum of DP and SPM) and from 4.3 to 64.3 ng g−1 in sediment samples. The concentrations of total organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) obtained in water (sum of DP and SPM) ranged from 0.93 to 8.66 ng L−1 and from 0.52 to 9.89 ng g−1 in sediment samples. Principal component analysis shows that all PCB compounds are more likely to come from surface runoff than an atmospheric deposition. Conclusion The data show that higher levels of PCBs and OCPs were found in sediment samples than in DP and SPM samples, which are an indication of no fresh inputs of these compounds. Based on our results, unintentionally produced PCBs by industrial processes (and other processes) were considered to be the main sources of PCBs in Volturno River and Estuary sediments. Considering the Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs), the Ecological Risk Index (ERI), the Risk Quotient (RQ) and the USEPA Environmental Quality Standards (EQS), the Volturno River and its Estuary would be considered an area in which the integrity is possibly at risk.

show abstract

“… 7 However, metals like As, Pb, Cd, Co, Cr, Hg are considered potentially toxic because these metals cause adverse effects to human health when ingested over a long period. 8 , 9 Moreover, metals like As, Pb and Cd have shown carcinogenic effects. 10 Previous studies have reported the concentration of metals in different foodstuffs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace Metals in Vegetables and Associated Health Risks in Industrial Areas of Savar, Bangladesh

Amin

Rahman

Hossain

et al. 2020

Journal of Health and Pollution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. The occurrence of high levels of trace metals in foodstuffs represents a significant threat to human health. Vegetables grown in metal-contaminated soil or irrigated with wastewater can accumulate metals and bioaccumulate in the food chain affecting animals and humans. Objectives. The present study aimed to measure the levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co) in common vegetables grown in the industrial areas of Savar, Bangladesh, and to determine their potential health risks. Methods. Five vegetables species: jute ( Corchorus capsularis), red amaranth ( Amaranthus gangeticus), okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus), zucchini ( Luffa aegyptiaca) and stem amaranth ( Amaranthus viridis) were sampled randomly from agricultural fields across each study site. Vegetable samples were digested in a microwave digestion system (Berghof Microwave MWS-2, Germany). Metal concentrations were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AA-7000, Shimadzu Corporation, Japan). Results. The range of Pb, Cd, Cr and Co in analyzed vegetables was 0.643–3.362, 0.041–0.049, 1.681–2.431 and 1.612–2.492 mg/kg, respectively. The target hazard quotient (THQ) of Pb in zucchini and stem amaranth and the THQs of Cr in all analyzed vegetables was greater than one. The target carcinogenic risk (TCR) of Pb and Cd for all analyzed vegetables was in the unacceptable range. In all vegetable samples, lead content was detected to be higher than the maximum permissible limits. The THQ values indicate the possibility of non-carcinogenic health risk through consumption of these vegetables. In addition, the TCR values of Pb and Cd indicate a lifetime carcinogenic health risks to consumers. Conclusions. Consumption of vegetables grown in this area may pose long-term health risks. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

show abstract

A systematic risk characterization related to the dietary exposure of the population to potentially toxic elements through the ingestion of fruit and vegetables from a potentially contaminated area. A case study: The issue of the "Land of Fires" area in Campania region, Italy

Cited by 46 publications

References 47 publications

Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals along Three Main Drains in Nile Delta and Potential Phytoremediation by Macrophyte Plants

Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals along Three Main Drains in Nile Delta and Potential Phytoremediation by Macrophyte Plants

Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in water and sediment from Volturno River, Southern Italy: occurrence, distribution and risk assessment

Trace Metals in Vegetables and Associated Health Risks in Industrial Areas of Savar, Bangladesh

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About