A systematic review on models of care effectiveness and barriers to Hepatitis C treatment in prison settings in the <scp>EU</scp>/<scp>EEA</scp>

Vroling, Hilde; Oordt-Speets, Anouk; Madeddu, Giordano; Babudieri, Sergio; Monarca, Roberto; O’Moore, Éamonn; Noordegraaf‐Schouten, Marije Vonk; Wolff, Hans; Montanari, M; Hedrich, Dagmar; Tavoschi, Lara

doi:10.1111/jvh.12998

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Evidence surrounding prison-based HCV care interventions in the DAA era is scarce (37). High treatment uptake and completion achieved in our study indicates the great willingness towards treatment among people with HCV in prisons; these outcomes are comparable with another DAA-based prison study from Italy (38).…”

Section: Hcv Treatment Uptake and Completionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Continuum of hepatitis C care cascade in prison and following release in the direct-acting antivirals era

Hariri

Sharafi

Sheikh

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: People with criminal justice involvement contribute remarkably to the rising hepatitis C virus (HCV) burden; however, the continuum of care is a major barrier to prison-based programs. We aimed to evaluate a comprehensive HCV care model in an Iranian provincial prison.Methods: Between 2017-2018, in the Karaj Central Prison, newly admitted male inmates received HCV antibody testing and venipuncture for RNA testing (antibody-positive only). Participants with positive RNA underwent direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy (Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir). Sustained virological response was evaluated at 12 weeks post-treatment (SVR12).Results: Overall, from 3,485 participants, 182 (5.2%) and 117 (3.4%) tested positive for HCV antibody and RNA, respectively. Among 116 patients who were eligible for treatment, 24% (n=28) were released before treatment and 72% (n=83) initiated DAA therapy, of whom 81% (n=67/83) completed treatment in prison, and the rest were released. Of total released patients, 68% (n=30/44) were linked to care in community, and 70% (n=21/30) completed treatment, including 60% (n=12/20) and 90% (n=9/10) among those who were released before and during treatment, respectively. The overall HCV treatment uptake and completion were 89% (n=103/116) and 85% (n=88/103), respectively. From people who completed treatment, 43% (n=38/88) attended for response assessment and all were cured (SVR=100%).Conclusions: Integrated HCV care models are highly effective and can be significantly strengthened by post-release interventions. The close collaboration of community and prison healthcare systems is crucial to promote high levels of treatment adherence. Future studies should investigate the predictors of engagement with HCV care following release.

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Section: Hcv Treatment Uptake and Completionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Continuum of hepatitis C care cascade in prison and following release in the direct-acting antivirals era

Hariri

Sharafi

Sheikh

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The reasons identified for low rates of linkage and treatment uptake included refusals, short sentences and prison transfers -all in keeping with other studies and representing unique challenges for HCV care in prison settings. 23,24 To improve HCV screening at the Établissement de détention de Montréal and other Canadian provincial prisons, systematic opt-out screening should be considered. 5 Admission to any correctional facility provides an important public health opportunity to identify cases of chronic HCV infection through screening, and, as all subsequent cascade steps are dependent on this initial step, implementing systematic screening at admission and during incarceration is imperative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hepatitis C virus cascade of care in a Quebec provincial prison: a retrospective cohort study

Kronfli

Dussault

Klein

et al. 2019

cmajo

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Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) microelimination efforts must target people in prison; however, although some inmates may qualify for treatment in provincial prisons, it may not be routinely provided. Our aim was to characterize the cascade of HCV care in Quebec's largest provincial prison. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of all HCV-related laboratory tests requested at the Établissement de détention de Montréal (men's prison with on-demand screening), between July 1, 2017, and June 30, 2018. We defined 8 HCV care cascade steps: 1) total sentenced inmates, 2) screened for HCV (via HCV antibody [HCV Ab]), 3) HCV Ab positive, 4) tested for HCV RNA, 5) HCV RNA positive, 6) linked to care, 7) HCV treatment initiated and 8) achieved sustained virologic response. We measured proportions of inmates at each step using denominator-numerator linkage. We also calculated the proportion screened among inmates with a sentence duration of at least 1 month, during which time screening should be feasible. Results: Of the 4931 sentenced inmates, 344 (7%) were screened for HCV, of whom 38 (11%) were HCV Ab positive. Thirty-five (92%) of the 38 received HCV RNA testing, which showed positivity in 16 (46%). Ten (62%) of the 16 inmates were linked to care; treatment was initiated in 3 (30%), 2 of whom (67%) achieved a sustained virologic response. Among inmates with a sentence duration of at least 1 month (n = 1972), the proportion screened increased to 17%. Interpretation: A small proportion (7%) of men at a Canadian provincial prison with on-demand HCV testing were screened, and rates of treatment initiation were low in the absence of formal HCV cure pathways. To eliminate HCV in this subpopulation, opt-out HCV testing should be considered.

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“…A systematic review of the effectiveness of MoCs for HCV in European prisons found that seven studies utilizing second‐generation DAAs in France, Italy and Spain achieved SVR rates of 85%–98%, and one study that switched from interferon therapy to DAA therapy increased SVR rates from 62%–68% to 90%–98% . A Spanish study demonstrated that HCV elimination is possible in a prison setting.…”

Section: Wherementioning

confidence: 99%

We know DAAs work, so now what? Simplifying models of care to enhance the hepatitis C cascade

et al. 2019

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A systematic review on models of care effectiveness and barriers to Hepatitis C treatment in prison settings in the EU/EEA

Cited by 31 publications

References 36 publications

Continuum of hepatitis C care cascade in prison and following release in the direct-acting antivirals era

Continuum of hepatitis C care cascade in prison and following release in the direct-acting antivirals era

The hepatitis C virus cascade of care in a Quebec provincial prison: a retrospective cohort study

We know DAAs work, so now what? Simplifying models of care to enhance the hepatitis C cascade

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