A systematic review of the clinical utility of the concept of self‐disgust

Clarke, Aoife; Simpson, Jane; Varese, Filippo

doi:10.1002/cpp.2335

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…In Study 1 we demonstrated that self-disgust was positively associated with loneliness, anxiety and depression symptoms in older adults. These findings further extend previous research that showed a positive association between self-disgust and loneliness in older adults (Laffan et al, 2017;Ypsilanti, 2019), and a positive association between selfdisgust and anxiety symptoms in the general population (for a review see Clarke et al, 2019).…”

Section: Study 1 Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Self-disgust, loneliness and mental health outcomes in older adults: An eye-tracking study

Ypsilanti

Robson

Lazuras

et al. 2020

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background: Self-disgust has been associated with loneliness and mental health difficulties in clinical and non-clinical populations, but there is limited research on the role of selfdisgust in loneliness and mental health outcomes in older adults. Methods: In Study 1 (N = 102; M age = 68.4 years, SD = 10.9, 68% females) we used a cross-sectional survey to explore the association between loneliness, self-disgust and mental health outcomes. In Study 2 (N = 80; M age = 68.8 years, SD = 11.4, 57% females) we used eye-tracking to investigate attentional vigilance, maintenance and avoidance in individuals with high (Vs low) self-disgust. Results: In study 1 we found that self-disgust mediated the associations between loneliness and anxiety and depressive symptoms and in study 2 is was demonstrated that older adults with high (vs. low) self-disgust displayed attentional avoidance of their own faces, compared to the faces of unknown others, a process that may perpetuate loneliness. Limitations: The cross-sectional design used in Study 1, limits our potential to make causal inferences and both of our studies included a wide age range of older adults. Conclusions: Our findings are novel and highlight the importance of self-disgust experiences in the context of loneliness and mental health outcomes in older adults. Implications for practice and interventions against loneliness in this age group are discussed.

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Section: Study 1 Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Self-disgust, loneliness and mental health outcomes in older adults: An eye-tracking study

Ypsilanti

Robson

Lazuras

et al. 2020

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…In relation to psychosis, self‐disgust can be understood as a maladaptive cognitive structure (Powell et al , ), one of the three categories of potential mediators between childhood trauma and psychosis recently outlined (Williams et al , ). Given the potential of self‐disgust to complicate and intensify other psychological difficulties (see Clarke et al , ), it is important for clinicians to explore experiences indicative of self‐disgust with clients with psychosis presenting with an abusive/traumatic history. Understanding and responding to such experiences is an important component of an effective formulation and therapy plan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One variable which has not yet been researched in relation to psychosis but which is gaining significant interest as a transdiagnostic construct relevant to a number of mental health difficulties is self‐disgust (see Clarke et al , , for a review). Disgust, categorized as a primary emotion since the emergence of Darwinian concepts regarding the evolutionary function of human emotions (Rozin & Fallon, ), is commonly understood as an affective rejection response, with the overall purpose being the prevention of contamination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐disgust mediates the relationship between childhood adversities and psychosis

Simpson

Helliwell

Varese

et al. 2020

British J Clinic Psychol

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Objective. Traumatic events in childhood have been implicated in the development of psychosis, but given that trauma is not in itself sufficient to cause psychosis, researchers have started to investigate other psychological constructs potentially involved in explaining this relationship. Given that self-disgust as a transdiagnostic construct plays a role in the development/maintenance of a range of mental health difficulties, the objective of this study was to investigate whether self-disgust mediates the relationship between childhood trauma and psychosis. Method.A cross-sectional quantitative study design was used. Seventy-eight participants (M age = 37.64 years, SD age = 11.57 years; 77% women; 88% White Caucasian) who reported experiencing clinical levels of psychosis were recruited using social media. The participants completed online survey measures of childhood trauma, self-disgust, experiences of psychosis, self-esteem, and external shame. The data were analysed using correlation and mediation analyses.Results. Significant indirect effects of childhood trauma on both positive (b = .17, BC 95% CI [0.06, 0.30]) and negative symptoms (b = .26, BC 95% CI [0.14, 0.40]) of psychosis via self-disgust were observed. These effects remained despite the inclusion of selfesteem and external shame as control variables in the mediation models.Conclusion. Thisstudyisthefirsttoshowamediatingroleforself-disgustintherelationship between childhood trauma and later psychosis. Although the findings should be considered preliminary until strengthened by further research, they nevertheless provide corroboration of the potential utility of self-disgust as a transdiagnostic construct not only from a theoretical perspective, but also from its potential to inform formulation and interventions. Practitioner pointsWhen assessing individuals with psychosis, especially those with a trauma history explore experiences and feelings related to the construct of self-disgust. Such experiences are likely to centre on feelings of

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“…Because the QASD has been shown to be a reliable tool for measuring the self‐disgust in mental disorders (Clarke, Simpson, & Varese, 2019; Ille et al, 2014; A. Schienle et al, 2014; A. Schienle, Leutgeb, & Wabnegger, 2015; A. Schienle, 2018), we believe that the QASD must be adapted for application to Chinese patients in future research. Thus, in order to advance the clinical research of self‐disgust in China, especially the relationship between self‐disgust and other psychopathology, we performed this study to translate the questionnaire for the assessment of self‐disgust (QASD) into Chinese and evaluate its validity and reliability among Chinese mental disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Questionnaire for the Assessment of Self‐Disgust: The psychometric testing among mental disorders in China

Jin

Herrera

2020

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Research on self-disgust is relevant to psychopathologic tendencies because it has been shown to play a critical role in several mental disorders. Examining self-disgust and exploring its role in mental health are significant goals. The purpose of this study was to translate the Questionnaire for the Assessment of Self-Disgust (QASD) into Chinese and evaluate its validity and reliability. The translation and validation of the QASD were guided by the World Health Organization's Process of Translation and Adaptation of Instruments. Three phases were undertaken: (a) professional translation and expert panel review, (b) pretesting, and (c) psychometric evaluation. The psychometric evaluation was tested among 1,068 patients who were recruited from two psychiatric hospitals and three psychological clinics of tertiary hospitals. In this study, multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the two-factor structure of the original QASD construct. Measurement invariance showed that the QASD is invariant across the patients with heterogeneous mental health diagnoses. The correlation of QASD with the Self-Esteem Scale (SES) and the Trait Anger Scale (TAS) showed that it has good convergent validity and discriminative validity. Internal consistency and test-retest yielded acceptable results. Thus, the findings suggest that the Chinese version of the QASD is a reliable and valid instrument with adequate psychometric properties for assessment of self-disgust among patients with mental disorders in China.

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A systematic review of the clinical utility of the concept of self‐disgust

Cited by 31 publications

References 87 publications

Self-disgust, loneliness and mental health outcomes in older adults: An eye-tracking study

Self-disgust, loneliness and mental health outcomes in older adults: An eye-tracking study

Self‐disgust mediates the relationship between childhood adversities and psychosis

Questionnaire for the Assessment of Self‐Disgust: The psychometric testing among mental disorders in China

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