A Systematic Review of the Prognostic Significance of the Body Mass Index in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Zinellu, Angelo; Carru, Ciriaco; Pirina, Pietro; Fois, Alessandro Giuseppe; Mangoni, Arduino A.

doi:10.3390/jcm12020498

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(331 reference statements)

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“…It has previously been reported that there is no association between age and BMI with CPa9-HNE serum levels [16], which is in line with observations in this study when data were available. Previously, low BMI has been related to disease severity in COPD in addition to progression, risk of hospitalization, mortality, and tolerability to certain therapies in IPF [42,43]. Thus, a limitation of this study includes the lack of BMI data for the IPF and healthy participant group, even though current data do not indicate this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

A Serological Neoepitope Biomarker of Neutrophil Elastase-Degraded Calprotectin, Associated with Neutrophil Activity, Identifies Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease More Effectively Than Total Calprotectin

Hansen,

Mortensen,

Rønnow

et al. 2023

JCM

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Neutrophil activation can release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in acute inflammation. NETs result in the release of human neutrophil elastase (HNE) and calprotectin, where the former can degrade the latter and generate protein fragments associated with neutrophil activity. We investigated this in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) using the novel neoepitope biomarker CPa9-HNE, quantifying a specific HNE-mediated fragment of calprotectin in serum. CPa9-HNE was compared to total calprotectin. Initially, CPa9-HNE was measured in healthy (n = 39), COPD (n = 67), and IPF (n = 16) serum using a neoepitope-specific competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Then, a head-to-head comparison of CPa9-HNE and total calprotectin, a non-neoepitope, was conducted in healthy (n = 19), COPD (n = 25), and IPF (n = 19) participants. CPa9-HNE levels were significantly increased in COPD (p < 0.0001) and IPF subjects (p = 0.0001) when compared to healthy participants. Additionally, CPa9-HNE distinguished IPF (p < 0.0001) and COPD (p < 0.0001) from healthy participants more effectively than total calprotectin for IPF (p = 0.0051) and COPD (p = 0.0069). Here, CPa9-HNE also distinguished IPF from COPD (p = 0.045) participants, which was not observed for total calprotectin (p = 0.98). Neutrophil activity was significantly higher, as assessed via serum CPa9-HNE, for COPD and IPF compared to healthy participants. Additionally, CPa9-HNE exceeded the ability of non-neoepitope calprotectin serum measurements to separate healthy from lung disease and even COPD from IPF participants, indicating that neutrophil activity is essential for both COPD and IPF.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

A Serological Neoepitope Biomarker of Neutrophil Elastase-Degraded Calprotectin, Associated with Neutrophil Activity, Identifies Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease More Effectively Than Total Calprotectin

Hansen,

Mortensen,

Rønnow

et al. 2023

JCM

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“…Patients with chronic lung diseases often exhibit a clinical course characterized by progressive weight loss and muscle mass reduction [ 10 , 37 ] due to increased energy expenditure associated with respiratory impairment, which can lead to malnutrition [ 10 ]. The deterioration in the nutritional status caused by IPF can result in a reduction in muscle mass, impacting swallowing and necessitating feeding adaptations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between swallowing dynamics, tongue pressure and pulmonary function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Vasconcellos,

Mafort,

Ribeiro-Alves

et al. 2024

BMC Pulm Med

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Background Swallowing is a complex process that requires the coordination of muscles in the mouth, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus. Dysphagia occurs when a person has difficulty swallowing. In the case of subjects with respiratory diseases, the presence of oropharyngeal dysphagia potentially increases lung disease exacerbations, which can lead to a rapid decline in lung function. This study aimed to analyze the swallowing of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods Patients with IPF were evaluated using the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10), tongue pressure, the Timed Water Swallow Test (TWST), and the Test of Mastication and Swallowing Solids (TOMASS). The findings were related to dyspnea severity assessed by the modified Medical Research Counsil (mMRC) score; the nutritional status screened with Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool; and pulmonary function tests, specifically spirometry and measurement of the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), the maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax), and the maximal expiratory pressure (PEmax). Results The sample consisted of 34 individuals with IPF. Those who exhibited swallowing modifications scored lower on the MNA than those who did not (9.6 ± 0.76 vs. 11.64 ± 0.41 points; mean difference 1.98 ± 0.81 points; p = 0.02). They also showed poorer lung function when considering the predicted force vital capacity (FVC; 81.5% ± 4.61% vs. 61.87% ± 8.48%; mean difference 19.63% ± 9.02%; p = 0.03). The speed of liquid swallowing was altered in 31of 34 of the evaluated subjects (91.1%). The number of liquid swallows correlated significantly with the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/FVC ratio (r = 0.3; p = 0.02). Solid eating and swallowing assessed with the TOMASS score correlated with lung function. The number of chewing cycles correlated negatively with PImax% predicted (r = -0.4; p = 0.0008) and PEmax% predicted (r = -0.3; p = 0.02). FVC% predicted correlated with increased solid swallowing time (r = -0.3; p = 0.02; power = 0.6). Swallowing solids was also impacted by dyspnea. Conclusion Patients with mild-to-moderate IPF can present feeding adaptations, which can be related to the nutritional status, lung function, and the severity of dyspnea.

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Pulmonary fibrosis: from pathogenesis to clinical decision-making

Koudstaal,

Funke-Chambour,

Kreuter

et al. 2023

Trends in Molecular Medicine

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A Systematic Review of the Prognostic Significance of the Body Mass Index in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Cited by 7 publications

References 80 publications

A Serological Neoepitope Biomarker of Neutrophil Elastase-Degraded Calprotectin, Associated with Neutrophil Activity, Identifies Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease More Effectively Than Total Calprotectin

A Serological Neoepitope Biomarker of Neutrophil Elastase-Degraded Calprotectin, Associated with Neutrophil Activity, Identifies Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease More Effectively Than Total Calprotectin

Association between swallowing dynamics, tongue pressure and pulmonary function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Pulmonary fibrosis: from pathogenesis to clinical decision-making

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