A systematic review and comprehensive classification of pectoralis major tears

Large Tear of the Pectoralis Major Muscle in an Athlete. Results after Treatment with Intratissue Percutaneous Electrolysis (EPI®)

“…The injuries of the pectoralis major muscle usually occurs during a high intensity eccentric action when the muscle is exposed to high tensile forces [4,5,7]. The main sports injury associated with the pectoralis major muscle are weightlifting, wrestling, gymnastics or wind-surfing.…”

“…They typically arise through indirect means, with the muscle being in a state of maximum elongation and contraction at a point of sudden overload [1][2][3]. This type of injury has been observed in activities like weight lifting, wrestling, American football and water skiing [4,5].…”

“…However, diagnosing with imaging is not without problems due to the anatomical complexity of the distal tendon of the pectoralis major as this has a 180° twist that comprises the sternal and clavicular portions [7,8]. The anatomical location of the muscle tear is very important because an avulsion of the tendon at its insertion into the humerus requires surgical repair, while myotendinous junction lesions are usually treated with conservative treatment [2,5,9].…”

Thoracic wall trauma—misdiagnosed lesions on radiographs and usefulness of ultrasound, multidetector computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

“…It originates on the clavicle, sternum, rectus sheath, and on the costal cartilages of the first six ribs, inserting on the lateral lip on the bicipital groove. The frequency of injuries of the pectoralis major muscle has been increasing during the past two decades (30). This trend can be attributed in part to increasing cases of sports-related trauma and the growing popularity of weight-training regimens such as bench press weight-lifting exercises.…”

Pectoralis Major Repair With Unicortical Button Fixation And Suture Tape

“…8 The most common injury mechanism for these ruptures is indirect, resulting from bench press or participation in a contact sport. 7,9 During physical examination, the patient may have tenderness to palpation at the humeral insertion in conjunction with ecchymosis, swelling, and loss of the axillary fold that is normally visible with the arm in slight abduction. 7 Although mild strains or partial tears can be successfully treated with conservative management, surgical treatment is indicated for total ruptures to avoid loss of strength during adduction, forward flexion, and internal rotation of the extremity.…”