A sustainable, ultratough, and ready‐to‐use adhesive heating patch driven by solar/electric dual energy

Abstract

Developing a versatile and durable photothermal coating is of great interest for the future large-scale utilization of abundant solar energy. However, existing photothermal coatings that rely on the assembly of rigid solar absorbing nanomaterials have often limitations in both mechanical robustness and multienergy coupling for sustainable heating. Here, we report a ready-to-use and ultratough adhesive heating patch with the integrated abilities of photo-/electrothermal conversion and damage self-diagnosis. The patch is composed of interconnected carbon microfibers filtrated with photo-curable self-adhesive resin that can readily stick on the substrate, and postcuring rapidly toughens the patch resulting in high mechanical toughness (9.1 MJ/m 3 ), high electrical conductivity (5 S/cm), strong adhesion (0.7-4.6 MPa), as well as high solar-thermal conversion (∼ 85.3%) and Joule heating (81.6 • C/W) efficiencies. To demonstrate its application, the adhered patch on oil pipelines can rapidly reduce the viscosity of heavy crude oil to ∼100 Pa s under the action of solar radiation or Joule heating, allowing for oil's easy flow in pipelines in all-weather and, thus, alleviating the use of expensive fired heaters at heating stations.

Fatigue-free artificial ionic skin toughened by self-healable elastic nanomesh

“…The high resistance of hybrid ionic skin to both puncturing and tearing is reasonable since the embedded PU nanofibers create large force transfer lengths through high fiber/matrix modulus ratios and thus blunt cracks from further propagation (Supplementary Fig. 25 ) 31 – 33 .…”

Noncovalent Assembly Enabled Strong yet Tough Materials with Room-Temperature Malleability and Healability

“…The practical applications of the sample for thermal management of high temperature devices are exhibited in Figure b–e and Figure S19. First, a powerful square ceramic heater (1 cm × 1 cm) was attached to the composite film . When a 6 V potential was applied, the surface temperature of the heater significantly raised when pure PAA was used as the heat diffuser, with maximum operating temperatures even exceeding 150 °C.…”

“…First, a powerful square ceramic heater (1 cm × 1 cm) was attached to the composite film. 44 When a 6 V potential was applied, the surface temperature of the heater significantly raised when pure PAA was used as the heat diffuser, with maximum operating temperatures even exceeding 150 °C. However, when PAA−GAs@LMPs was employed as the heat conductor, the huge amount of heat produced by the ceramic heater could be effectively dissipated.…”

Entropy‐Mediated Polymer–Cluster Interactions Enable Dramatic Thermal Stiffening Hydrogels for Mechanoadaptive Smart Fabrics

“…For mechanoadaptive smart fabrics, the integration of heating source is a more direct way to program the stiffening properties. Among various heating methods, electrical activation or joule heating is more advantageous due to its easy control and natural compatibility with electrical sensing and communication omnipresent in smart electronic devices and robots [42, 43] . Therefore, as illustrated in Figure 1b, we employed another elastic liquid metal sheath–core fiber as the joule heater to co‐weave with mineral hydrogel sheath–core fiber.…”